?-Amino Acids: Role in Human Biology and Medicinal Chemistry - A Review

Riaz, Nagina Naveed; Fazal-ur-Rehman, M.; Ahmad, Muhammad Mahboob

doi:10.4172/2161-0444.1000472

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“… Muricauda Pseudomonas Algiphilus Pseudohongiella Pyruvatibacter Glucose Xylose Pantothenic acid β-alanine Gluconic acid Turanose Nutritional interaction Glucose is a well characterised Symbiodiniaceae exudate and glucose and xylose excreted by microalgae can enhance microbial biomass 68 – 71 . β-amino acids and pantothenic acid play important roles in the regulation of nutritional metabolism and immunity, and can also be secreted to support the growth of other microbes 72 , 73 . Bacteria tend to use glucose as the preferential carbon source and produce gluconic acid (a carboxylic acid derivative of glucose) 74 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coral endosymbiont growth is enhanced by metabolic interactions with bacteria

Matthews,

Khalil,

Siboni

et al. 2023

Nat Commun

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Bacteria are key contributors to microalgae resource acquisition, competitive performance, and functional diversity, but their potential metabolic interactions with coral microalgal endosymbionts (Symbiodiniaceae) have been largely overlooked. Here, we show that altering the bacterial composition of two widespread Symbiodiniaceae species, during their free-living stage, results in a significant shift in their cellular metabolism. Indeed, the abundance of monosaccharides and the key phytohormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) were correlated with the presence of specific bacteria, including members of the Labrenzia (Roseibium) and Marinobacter genera. Single-cell stable isotope tracking revealed that these two bacterial genera are involved in reciprocal exchanges of carbon and nitrogen with Symbiodiniaceae. We identified the provision of IAA by Labrenzia and Marinobacter, and this metabolite caused a significant growth enhancement of Symbiodiniaceae. By unravelling these interkingdom interactions, our work demonstrates how specific bacterial associates fundamentally govern Symbiodiniaceae fitness.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…β-amino acids and pantothenic acid play important roles in the regulation of nutritional metabolism and immunity, and can also be secreted to support the growth of other microbes 72 , 73 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coral endosymbiont growth is enhanced by metabolic interactions with bacteria

Matthews,

Khalil,

Siboni

et al. 2023

Nat Commun

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“…It is known from literature sources that amino acids are structural components of vegetable protein, cellular fluid and take part in the synthesis of enzymes, vitamins and alkaloids. In humans, amino acids play an important role at the synthesis of antibodies, enzymes, hormones, hemoglobin, provide energy for muscular tissue, enhance metabolic processes, reduce level of cholesterol, have powerful antioxidant action, restore tissues of liver and kidney [15,16].…”

Section: Study Of Aminoacid Composition Of the Haricot Bean Shellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Aminoacid Composition of the Haricot Bean Shells

Kriukova¹,

Gubar²,

Vladymyrova³

et al. 2020

THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

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Commonly, the production of herbal medicines is more advantageous economically than chemical synthesis. Agricultural crops, having sufficient raw material base, are of main interest. In this respect the shells of haricot bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. (Fabaceae)), that are waste products of beans, are of special interest. Due to the absence of regulatory documents for this kind of drug raw material in Ukraine the development of standardization parameters for the raw material of haricot bean is a very topical. Pharmacotherapeutic action of this drug raw material is caused by the presence of amino acids, proteins, macro- and microelements as well as flavonoids. There are medicines at the pharmaceutical market of Ukraine that was produced from the haricot bean: «Sadifit» (ZAO «Liktravy», Ukraine), «Arphazetin» (ZAO Pharmaceutical plant «Viola», Ukraine), «Hepatophyt» (LLC «Research and production pharmaceutical company «AIM», Ukraine), «Shells of haricot bean» (ZAO «Liktravy», Ukraine). Medicines are introduced to the market in the form of medicinal herbs mixture that's why main method of application is a preparation of restorative drinks, tinctures, teas. In light of this, study of amino acid composition in the water extracts from raw material is reasonable. Research of qualitative and quantitative amino acid composition of 5 lots of the shells of haricot bean was carried out by HPLC method. This raw material was harvested in different regions of Ukraine over a period of 2014 – 2016. 16 amino acids were identified in the water extracts of the shells of haricot bean. Glutamic acid (1.60 – 5.56 ´µg/100 mg), L-alanine (1.41 – 2.23 µg/100 mg), L-arginine (0.65 – 2.12 µg/100 mg) had the greatest content in the investigated samples. D-serine (0.04 – 0.13µg/100 mg) and D,L-methionine (0.02 – 0.43 µg/100 mg) had the lowest quantity in the investigated samples. Sufficiently high content of amino acids makes it possible to consider them as potential substances-markers at the development of assay procedure for the standardization of raw material.

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“…An efficient enantio- and regioselective 3-borylation of 2-substituted acrylates would provide an exceptionally fast entry into 3-borylated, 2-alkyl, or 2-aryl propionates ( 2 ), which can serve as chiral fragments for synthesis of important classes of compounds including polypropionates like dictyostatin, discodermolide, and spongidepsin and a variety of medicinally relevant compounds such as anticholinergic agents, antidepressants, and anti-inflammatory agents (Figure ). Derivatives of α-aryl and alkyl-substituted-β-amino-acids represent one of the most widely distributed motifs in medicinal chemistry . We believe that synthesis of such compounds from readily available α-aryl acrylates ( 1 Scheme ) via enantioselective hydroboration would be highly competitive with existing processes for large scale preparation .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cobalt-Catalyzed Enantioselective Hydroboration of α-Substituted Acrylates

Patil,

Ghosh,

RajanBabu

2024

J. Am. Chem. Soc.

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Even though metal-catalyzed enantioselective hydroborations of alkenes have attracted enormous attention, few preparatively useful reactions of α-alkyl acrylic acid derivatives are known, and most use rhodium catalysts. No examples of asymmetric hydroboration of the corresponding α-arylacrylic acid esters are known. In our continuing efforts to search for new applications of earth-abundant cobalt catalysts for broadly applicable organic transformations, we have identified 2-(2-diarylphosphinophenyl)oxazoline ligands and mild reaction conditions for efficient and highly regio- and enantioselective hydroboration of α-alkyl- and α-aryl- acrylates, giving β-borylated propionates. Since the C–B bonds in these compounds can be readily replaced by C–O, C–N, and C–C bonds, these intermediates could serve as valuable chiral synthons, some from feedstock carbon sources, for the synthesis of propionate-bearing motifs including polyketides and related molecules. Two-step syntheses of “Roche” ester from methyl methacrylate (79%; er 99:1), arguably the most widely used chiral fragment in polyketide synthesis, and tropic acid esters (∼80% yield; er ∼93:7), which are potential intermediates for several medicinally important classes of compounds, illustrate the power of the new methods. Mechanistic studies confirm the requirement of a cationic Co(I) species [(L)Co]+as the viable catalyst in these reactions and rule out the possibility of a [L]Co–H-initiated route, which has been well-established in related hydroborations of other classes of alkenes. A mechanism involving an oxidative migration of a boryl group to the β-carbon of an η4-coordinated acrylate-cobalt complex is proposed as a plausible route.

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?-Amino Acids: Role in Human Biology and Medicinal Chemistry - A Review

Cited by 6 publications

References 41 publications

Coral endosymbiont growth is enhanced by metabolic interactions with bacteria

Coral endosymbiont growth is enhanced by metabolic interactions with bacteria

Study of Aminoacid Composition of the Haricot Bean Shells

Cobalt-Catalyzed Enantioselective Hydroboration of α-Substituted Acrylates

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