Amino acid profiles of young adults differ by sex, body mass index and insulin resistance

Guevara‐Cruz, Martha; Vargas-Morales, Juan Manuel; Méndez-García, Ana Luisa; López-Barradas, Adriana M.; Granados‐Portillo, Omar; Ordaz-Nava, Guillermo; Rocha-Viggiano, Ana K.; Gutierrez-Leyte, C.A.; Medina-Cerda, Eduardo; Rosado, Jorge L.; Morales, Julio C.; Torres, Nimbe; Tovar, Armando R.; Noriega, Lilia G.

doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2018.01.001

Cited by 30 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Only in a few papers the correlation between AA and BMI was analysed. Strong positive correlation between aspartic acid, phenylalanine and BMI and negative correlation between glycine, serine, asparagine and BMI in young Mexican women has been shown [23]. Takashina et al showed that plasma glycine and citrulline levels negatively correlated with BMI [9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Our results showed differences concerning the mean concentration of fasting branched-chain amino acids, methionine, phenylalanine, lysine, tryptophan, histidine, tyrosine, aspartic acid, alanine and ornithine between patients with obesity and patients with Turner syndrome. These amino acids are linked to obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes [8][9][10][11][21][22][23][24][25][26]. Leucine regulates a large array of cellular processes in pancreatic β-cells, including growth, proliferation and insulin secretion, which ultimately influence overall glucose homeostasis [21,22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Leucine regulates a large array of cellular processes in pancreatic β-cells, including growth, proliferation and insulin secretion, which ultimately influence overall glucose homeostasis [21,22]. Glycine and serine were lower, whereas alanine, aspartate, cysteine, ornithine, phenylalanine, proline and tyrosine were higher in the young adults who were overweight or obese than in those with normal weight [23]. Methionine is capable of directly regulating gluconeogenesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Metabolic Fingerprint of Turner Syndrome

Bugajska

Berska

Wójcik

et al. 2020

JCM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Girls with Turner syndrome (TS) are at increased risk of developing insulin resistance and coronary artery disease as a result of hypertension and obesity frequently seen in these patients. On the other hand, it is known that obesity is associated with increased serum levels of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs: valine; leucine and isoleucine) and aromatic amino acids. The aim of the study is to compare the metabolic fingerprint of girls with TS to the metabolic fingerprint of girls with obesity. Metabolic fingerprinting using an untargeted metabolomic approach was examined in plasma from 46 girls with TS (study group) and 22 age-matched girls with obesity (control group). The mean values of BCAAs, methionine, phenylalanine, lysine, tryptophan, histidine, tyrosine, alanine and ornithine were significantly lower in the study group than in the control (p from 0.0025 to <0.000001). Strong significant correlation between BCAAs, phenylalanine, arginine, tyrosine, glutamic acid, citrulline and alanine, and body mass index expressed as standard deviation score BMI-SDS in the patients with obesity (p from 0.049 to 0.0005) was found. In contrast; there was no correlation between these amino acids and BMI-SDS in the girls with TS. It is suggested that obesity in patients with TS is not associated with altered amino acids metabolism.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Metabolic Fingerprint of Turner Syndrome

Bugajska

Berska

Wójcik

et al. 2020

JCM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Branched-chain AAs (BCAAs; leucine, isoleucine, and valine) have unique metabolic properties that have made them the subject of intense study. 25 Their total normal plasma concentration is about 215 µM, 26 less than that of alanine, and they make only minor direct contributions to organ-NH 3 balance. 27 However, they have important indirect contributions through their influence on the muscle metabolism of glutamine and alanine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A model of blood-ammonia homeostasis based on a quantitative analysis of nitrogen metabolism in the multiple organs involved in the production, catabolism, and excretion of ammonia in humans

Levitt¹,

Levitt²

2018

CEG

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Increased blood ammonia (NH3) is an important causative factor in hepatic encephalopathy, and clinical treatment of hepatic encephalopathy is focused on lowering NH3. Ammonia is a central element in intraorgan nitrogen (N) transport, and modeling the factors that determine blood-NH3 concentration is complicated by the need to account for a variety of reactions carried out in multiple organs. This review presents a detailed quantitative analysis of the major factors determining blood-NH3 homeostasis – the N metabolism of urea, NH3, and amino acids by the liver, gastrointestinal system, muscle, kidney, and brain – with the ultimate goal of creating a model that allows for prediction of blood-NH3 concentration. Although enormous amounts of NH3 are produced during normal liver amino-acid metabolism, this NH3 is completely captured by the urea cycle and does not contribute to blood NH3. While some systemic NH3 derives from renal and muscle metabolism, the primary site of blood-NH3 production is the gastrointestinal tract, as evidenced by portal vein-NH3 concentrations that are about three times that of systemic blood. Three mechanisms, in order of quantitative importance, release NH3 in the gut: 1) hydrolysis of urea by bacterial urease, 2) bacterial protein deamination, and 3) intestinal mucosal glutamine metabolism. Although the colon is conventionally assumed to be the major site of gut-NH3 production, evidence is reviewed that indicates that the stomach (via Helicobacter pylori metabolism) and small intestine and may be of greater importance. In healthy subjects, most of this gut NH3 is removed by the liver before reaching the systemic circulation. Using a quantitative model, loss of this “first-pass metabolism” due to portal collateral circulation can account for the hyperammonemia observed in chronic liver disease, and there is usually no need to implicate hepatocyte malfunction. In contrast, in acute hepatic necrosis, hyperammonemia results from damaged hepatocytes. Although muscle-NH3 uptake is normally negligible, it can become important in severe hyperammonemia. The NH3-lowering actions of intestinal antibiotics (rifaximin) and lactulose are discussed in detail, with particular emphasis on the seeming lack of importance of the frequently emphasized acidifying action of lactulose in the colon.

show abstract

“…BCAAs, including valine, have been associated with metabolic dysfunctions [ 5 , 16 ], Therefore, the observed decrease in valine might be of importance. In addition, proline, an AA with direct and indirect effects on collagen synthesis, cellular redox state, stress response and immunity [ 15 ], was significantly decreased at the time point 6 h. Upregulation of proline biosynthesis is an oxidative stress response in mammalian cells [ 17 ], and so proline is increased in subjects with metabolic dysfunctions [ 18 ]. In this acute trial design, the decrease in proline levels is indicative of the regulation in proline metabolism due to increase in serum antioxidant potential 6 h post-ingestion [ 14 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of Free Amino Acid Profile in Healthy Humans Administered with Mastiha Terpenes. An Open-Label Trial

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We aimed to explore whether plasma-free amino acids are modified in response to terpenes administration in healthy humans. In this open-label, single-arm acute trial, seventeen healthy male volunteers were administered with a naturally occurring product of known terpenes—namely mastiha—after overnight fasting. Blood samples were collected at different time points before and after ingestion. We aimed at identifying and quantifying 60 free amino acids in plasma applying Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. A total of 24 free amino acids were quantified. Branched-chain valine significantly decreased 4 h post-ingestion, whereas proline decreased at 6 h and ornithine at 2 h, compared to 0 h. These novel findings demonstrate that free amino acids levels are modulated in response to terpenes intake in healthy subjects.

show abstract

Amino acid profiles of young adults differ by sex, body mass index and insulin resistance

Cited by 30 publications

References 32 publications

Metabolic Fingerprint of Turner Syndrome

Metabolic Fingerprint of Turner Syndrome

A model of blood-ammonia homeostasis based on a quantitative analysis of nitrogen metabolism in the multiple organs involved in the production, catabolism, and excretion of ammonia in humans

Modulation of Free Amino Acid Profile in Healthy Humans Administered with Mastiha Terpenes. An Open-Label Trial

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About