Amino Acid Profiles of Tropical Legumes, Cooper (Glycine wightii), Tinaroo (Neonotonia wightii) and Siratro (Macroptilium atropurpureum), at Pre-blooming and Blooming Stages
Abstract:An experiment was conducted to investigate amino acid composition of three tropical legumes (Cooper (Glycine wightii), Tinaroo (Neonotonia wightii) and Siratro (Macroptilium atropurpureum)) at two different stages (pre-blooming and blooming stages). Chemical composition and totally 16 amino acids of these plants were analysed for comparison of their composition among species at different growing stages and characterizing the amino acid pattern of these legumes. Crude protein content of the plants ranged from 1… Show more
“…1 Plant proteins: legume [32], corn [33], oats [34], lucerne [35], barley [36] and wheat [37] Human/animal proteins: collagen [38], albumin [39], haemoglobin [40,41], actin [42,43] and myosin [43]. 2 It was argued that an increased demand for synthesis of these proteins would temporarily skew utilisation profiles because, combined, these proteins have higher requirements for histidine, lysine, aspartic acid, Glx, leucine, valine and phenylalanine and lower requirements for glycine and proline.…”
Horses in heavy training in preparation for racing and competition have increased metabolic demands to support the more intensive levels of exercise and recovery. However, little is known at the metabolic level about amino acid turnover and the specific alterations of demand caused by high intensity exercise. During exercise, certain amino acids are required in greater quantities due to disproportionate losses via excretory systems and usage in biosynthetic pathways. This investigation has built a theoretical computer model in an attempt to bring together the published rates of protein intake and utilisation to try to understand how some amino acids might be in higher demand than others. The model indicated that after evaluation of the daily amino acid turnover, glutamine/glutamic acid (Glx), serine and ornithine were in negative nitrogen balance which identified these amino acids as critical limiting factors for anabolism. Adjustment of the modelling conditions to cater for high intensity training indicated that an additional demand was placed on eight amino acids, including GLx, valine, lysine, histidine and phenylalanine which could thus become limiting under these conditions. The modelling results indicated that an amino acid supplement with the correct amino acids to match demand could theoretically be beneficial to a 500Kg horse in quantities of 20-80g/day. These results open new avenues of research for specifically tailoring amino acid supplementation to meet demands for sports horses in heavy training and improving general well-being, especially in hotter climates.
“…1 Plant proteins: legume [32], corn [33], oats [34], lucerne [35], barley [36] and wheat [37] Human/animal proteins: collagen [38], albumin [39], haemoglobin [40,41], actin [42,43] and myosin [43]. 2 It was argued that an increased demand for synthesis of these proteins would temporarily skew utilisation profiles because, combined, these proteins have higher requirements for histidine, lysine, aspartic acid, Glx, leucine, valine and phenylalanine and lower requirements for glycine and proline.…”
Horses in heavy training in preparation for racing and competition have increased metabolic demands to support the more intensive levels of exercise and recovery. However, little is known at the metabolic level about amino acid turnover and the specific alterations of demand caused by high intensity exercise. During exercise, certain amino acids are required in greater quantities due to disproportionate losses via excretory systems and usage in biosynthetic pathways. This investigation has built a theoretical computer model in an attempt to bring together the published rates of protein intake and utilisation to try to understand how some amino acids might be in higher demand than others. The model indicated that after evaluation of the daily amino acid turnover, glutamine/glutamic acid (Glx), serine and ornithine were in negative nitrogen balance which identified these amino acids as critical limiting factors for anabolism. Adjustment of the modelling conditions to cater for high intensity training indicated that an additional demand was placed on eight amino acids, including GLx, valine, lysine, histidine and phenylalanine which could thus become limiting under these conditions. The modelling results indicated that an amino acid supplement with the correct amino acids to match demand could theoretically be beneficial to a 500Kg horse in quantities of 20-80g/day. These results open new avenues of research for specifically tailoring amino acid supplementation to meet demands for sports horses in heavy training and improving general well-being, especially in hotter climates.
“…Corn silage containing anthocyanins may have nutritional value as a ruminant feed (Hosoda et al, 2011). Neonotonia wightii has also been found to be rich in crude protein content and amino acids, but low amounts of the sulfur containing amino acid, methionine (Tokita et al, 2006).…”
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