Amino acid analysis with o-phthalaldehyde detection: Effects of reaction temperature and thiol on fluorescence yields

Cronin, John R.; Pizzarello, Sandra; Gandy, W. E.

doi:10.1016/s0003-2697(79)80133-5

Cited by 64 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…When the presence of salts resulted in ambiguous identification of amino acids, we did not report the results in the tables. Kvenvolden et al 1970;Pereira et al 1975;Cronin et al 1979a;Cronin and Pizzarello 1983;Peltzer et al 1984;Engel et al 1990;Engel and Macko 1997. b nmol/g = nanomol of amino acid per gram of meteorite. c n.d. = not determined.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…AIB and isovaline, both α-dialkyl amino acids, were identified by a two-step analysis, where the post column OPA-reaction loop was kept at 25 °C in one analysis and at 100 °C in the other. Since the α-dialkyl amino acids react more slowly with the fluorescent reagent (Cronin et al 1979a), higher temperature derivatization reactions produce a marked increase in peak height, which is specific to these amino acids. This two-temperature method has frequently been used to unequivocally identify meteoritic amino acids (Cronin et al 1979a(Cronin et al , 1979bCronin and Pizzarello 1983).…”

Section: Amino Acid Analysis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the α-dialkyl amino acids react more slowly with the fluorescent reagent (Cronin et al 1979a), higher temperature derivatization reactions produce a marked increase in peak height, which is specific to these amino acids. This two-temperature method has frequently been used to unequivocally identify meteoritic amino acids (Cronin et al 1979a(Cronin et al , 1979bCronin and Pizzarello 1983). The analytical technique used in the present study does not allow the separation of L-and D-enantiomers.…”

Section: Amino Acid Analysis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Concentration and variability of the AIB amino acid in polar micrometeorites: Implications for the exogenous delivery of amino acids to the primitive Earth

Matrajt

Pizzarello

Taylor

et al. 2004

Meteorit & Planetary Scien

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Abstract-Micrometeorites (MMs) are extraterrestrial particles ranging in size from 25 µm to 2 mm that survive atmospheric entry and are collected on the Earth's surface. They represent the largest mass flux (MF) of extraterrestrial material (30,000 ± 20,000 t/yr) to the present-day Earth. Studies of large collections of MMs suggest that about 20% have not been heated to high temperatures and that they contain organic carbon. Since non-protein amino acids have been found in some carbonaceous meteorites, they might also be found in unmelted MMs. However, previous searches for amino acids in MMs were inconclusive. We combined a new extraction method for amino acids with a highly sensitive analytical method to detect and quantitate amino acids in MMs collected at the South Pole. We found the non-protein amino acid α-amino isobutyric acid (AIB) in one of our samples. The nondetection of this amino acid in the other samples analyzed suggests that there are amino acidcontaining and amino acid-free MMs, with ∼14% of the MMs containing AIB. Since the MF of MMs is much higher than that of carbonaceous chondrites (CMs), amino acids in these small particles would represent an important source of exogenous delivery of organic molecules. Therefore, the results are discussed on the basis of their implications for astrobiology.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Amino Acid Analysis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Amino Acid Analysis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Concentration and variability of the AIB amino acid in polar micrometeorites: Implications for the exogenous delivery of amino acids to the primitive Earth

Matrajt

Pizzarello

Taylor

et al. 2004

Meteorit & Planetary Scien

Self Cite

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“…The solution was then added to 1,OOO ml of 0.4M potassium borate buffer, pH 10, that had been previously filtered through a membrane with 0.22-pn pore size, then deoxygenated by bubbling with chromatography-grade nitrogen through a fritted disk for 10 minutes. The OPA reagent was protected from light and oxygen at all times (19) and stored at 4°C until use. During post-column derivatization, the OPA reagent was delivered at room temperature to the mixing tee at a rate of 0.25 muminute, using a Model A-30-S Eldex single piston pump (Eldex Laboratories, Menlo Park, CA) with stroke length adjusted to 0.060".…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of warfarin sodium therapy on excretion of 4‐carboxy‐L‐glutamic acid in scleroderma, dermatomyositis, and myositis ossificans progressiva

1986

Arthritis & Rheumatism

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The effect of warfarin sodium on excretion of calcium, phosphorus, and 4-carboxy-L-glutamic acid (Gla) was studied in 5 patients with ectopic calcification (2 with scleroderma, 1 with dermatomyositis, and 2 with myositis ossificans progressiva). Warfarin reduced urinary excretion of Gila in all patients, but no changes in calcium and phosphorus excretion or in objective parameters of calcinosis were observed during 6-36 months of treatment. Two patients experienced hemorrhagic complications during therapy, emphasizing a hazard of long-term anticoagulation treatment. Since ectopic calcium deposits contain Gla-rich protein, suppression of Gla synthesis by warfarin sodium over a longer ]period may prevent deposition and allow removal of existing calcinosis deposits. jEctopic calcification is an occasional complication of certain connective tissue diseases. It occurs rarely in systemic lupus erythematosus patients (l), in approximately 9% of patients with scleroderma (Z), and in 20% of adults and 40% of children with dermatomyositis (3). Muscle calcification also occurs in myositis ossificans (4), a relatively rare condition of unknown origin.

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“…In those applications, the reagent includes OPA and a thiol such as methanethiol, ethanethiol, or mercaptoethanol, with the amines as the limiting reagent (Cronin et al, 1979;Wong el al., 1985;Rapsomanikis et al, 1988, and references therein). An OPA-thiol-amine reaction has been used to analyze a variety of thiols in natural waters and biological samples, by providing excess OPA and ethanolamine and allowing the thiol to be limiting (Nakamura and Tamura, 1981;Mopper and Delmas, 1984).…”

Section: Principles Of Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-level atmospheric sulfur dioxide measurement using HPLC/fluorescence detection

1993

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Abstract. An automated technique for measuring SO2 in ambient air has been developed. Air is passed through a gas/liquid exchange coil with an aqueous absorber solution containing 10 ~tM formaldehyde and 0.84 mM Na:EDTA. The SOz rapidly equilibrates with bisulfite (HSO~) and sulfite (SO~-) in the aqueous solution. The aqueous S(IV) is subsequently reacted with o-phthalaldehyde in the presence of excess ethanolamine to form a fluorescent isoindole in a continuous flow stream. This derivative is then separated using reversed phase HPLC and detected via fluorescence with excitation and emission wavelengths at 330 and 380 nm, respectively. The lower limit of detection is 7 pptv (S/N = 3), with a measurement period of eight minutes per sample. The instrument response is linear over several orders of magnitude.

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Amino acid analysis with o-phthalaldehyde detection: Effects of reaction temperature and thiol on fluorescence yields

Cited by 64 publications

References 6 publications

Concentration and variability of the AIB amino acid in polar micrometeorites: Implications for the exogenous delivery of amino acids to the primitive Earth

Concentration and variability of the AIB amino acid in polar micrometeorites: Implications for the exogenous delivery of amino acids to the primitive Earth

Effect of warfarin sodium therapy on excretion of 4‐carboxy‐L‐glutamic acid in scleroderma, dermatomyositis, and myositis ossificans progressiva

Low-level atmospheric sulfur dioxide measurement using HPLC/fluorescence detection

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