Amine functionalized graphene oxide/CNT nanocomposite for ultrasensitive electrochemical detection of trinitrotoluene

Meisenheimer complex between 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and its use for a paper-based sensor

“…Recently, numerous techniques have been developed for the detection of TNT, such as colorimetry [8–14] , electrochemical approaches [15–18] , luminescence [15, 19–36] , Raman spectroscopy [17, 19, 26, 37–39] , analytical paper devises [8, 10, 12, 14, 17, 40] , and others. [33–36, 41–44] .…”

“…Most of these techniques exhibit good sensitivity and selectivity. Some require complicated instrumentation, but others use simple paper-based sensors [8, 10, 12, 14, 17, 40] . Several reports took advantage of the Meisenheimer complex formation between TNT and an amine [11, 15, 32, 38, 45–47] .…”

Recent advances in electrochemical biosensing schemes using graphene and graphene-based nanocomposites

“…[350] Reduced GO-CNT/screen printed electrode 1 ppt-1 ppm (0.01 ppb) [355] anti-TNT aptamer-AuNP-Ruthenium(II)-functionalized electrochemiluminescent GO/ ITO electrode 0.01-100 ng mL À1 (3.6 pg mL À1 ) [356] Graphene/Cu electrode 9-940 lM (10 lM) Calcium ions crosslinked pectin film-AuNPs/ graphene/GCE [418] together with nanoparticles and polymers, for the detection of dopamine, ascorbic acid, and uric acid ( Table 4). A variety of graphene-modified electrodes have also been developed for the analysis of other analytes including hydrogen peroxide, 4-aminophenol, acetaminophen, explosives, bisphenol A, pesticides, inorganics, etc.…”

Electrochemical detection of trinitrotoluene in water samples based on a natural mineral attapulgite modified electrode

“…Electrochemical techniques have many advantages, such as high selectivity, low detection limit, rapid analysis, portability, ease of use, and low cost [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]; in addition, these advantages can be employed for performing a TNT assay with high fidelity.…”

“…The ideal electrode material should adsorb TNT and catalyze the electrochemical reduction of TNT. Many types of materials have been investigated for the electrochemical reduction of TNT, including various carbon materials (such as glass carbon [22], carbon nanotube [22], graphene sheet [19,23,25], nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots [24], and boron-doped diamond [31]), gold [32], silica [33], and metal-oxides [34,35], etc. It has been determined that electrode materials with high adsorption ability for TNT can improve TNT detection sensitivity.…”