Amides and diamides as promising extractants in the back end of the nuclear fuel cycle: an overview

N,N,N’,N’-Tetrabutyl-1,10-phenanthroline- 2,9-dicarboxamide as Very Effective Extraction Agent for Trivalent Europium and Americium

“…Important information, concerning substituted malonic diamides has been reported. 10,11 Lately, interest has shifted to the properties of tetraalkyl-diglycolamides, [12][13][14][15] with emphasis on tetraoctyl-diglycolamide (TODGA), suggested as an extractant of Pu(IV), Np(IV), Am(III), and Cm(III) in solutions with hydrocarbon diluents. [12][13][14] The ability of TODGA to extract many other metals has been discussed 15,16 and the very high extractive capacity of this agent was shown to allow its application as a solid extractant.…”

Characterization of the Species Formed during the Extraction of Thorium Employing Tri-n-Butyl Phosphate and N,N-Dihexyl Octanamide as Extractants by Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry

“…Musikas et al and others also showed that the completely incinerable N,N-dialkyl amides appear to be promising alternatives of TBP. [15][16][17][18] Borong et al evaluated a series of di-substituted amides for their extraction ability for U, Th and fission products (mainly Zr, Nb and Ru) and the third-phase formation tendency from nitric acid medium. 19 It was observed that alpha-or beta branching of the carbonyl group or nitrogen atom chain was more liable to form a third phase.…”

Extraction of Uranium(VI) from Nitric Acid Solution Using Pyrrolidone Derivatives

“…It has been reported that N,N-disubstituted amides [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] and N-substituted cyclic amides [20][21][22] extract U(VI) effectively. The physicochemical properties of these compounds as the extractants can be tuned by the judicious choice of alkyl groups.…”

“…Molecular modeling methods have also been used to understand the influence of amide structures on the extraction behavior of metal ions. 1,2) Amide compounds for U and Pu cycles are classified into three types based on the extraction properties, i.e., the first one is compounds such as N,N-dihexyl octanamide, which can extract U(VI) and Pu(IV) simultaneously, [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]21,22) the second is compounds such as N,N-di-2-ethylhexylbutanamide, which can extract U(VI) and Pu(IV) species in the high-concentration region of HNO 3 and strip only Pu(IV) species in the low-concentration region of HNO 3 , 4,9) and the third one is compounds that can extract only U(VI) [9][10][11] such as N,N-di-2-ethylhexyl-iso-butanamide (D2EHIBA). D2EHIBA has also been studied as the extractant for recovering 233 U from irradiated Th.…”

“…D2EHIBA has also been studied as the extractant for recovering 233 U from irradiated Th. 8,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18]20) Hence, the extraction systems based on the use of amide compounds are expected to lead to innovation in the separation of actinoid species. Furthermore, it has been reported that the equilibrium in the extraction of U(VI) from HNO 3 solutions using amides can be expressed as 4,5,7,9,12,18,[20][21][22] …”