American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis and HIV-AIDS Association in a Tertiary Care Center in the Brazilian Amazon

Tegumentary leishmaniasis in the State of Amazonas: what have we learned and what do we need?

“…Leishmania (V.) guyanensis has a lower response to the antimonials compared to L. (V.) braziliensis (22) . More recently, co-infection with human immunodefi ciency virus (HIV) has been described, with some peculiarities in its clinical characteristics and therapeutic response (23) .…”

Coinfection of Leishmania guyanensis and Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome: Report of a Case of Disseminated Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Ecuador

“…Several cases of Leishmania-HIV coinfection have been reported with atypical presentations including disseminated forms. 3,4,14 Most immunocompetent individuals in Ecuador with CL present with a single ulcerative lesion. 7,10 It is important to note that the patient described herein, had a single localized lesion on his left leg (LCL) for the first 2 years before the disease disseminated all over his body.…”

“…2 In South America, coinfection cases of ATL were reported in Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, French Guyana, Peru, and Venezuela, and were caused by Leishmania guyanensis and Leishmania braziliensis. [2][3][4][5] Immunosuppression is one of the strongest risk factors for overt clinical disease, and can also alter the disease presentation and treatment response. 1 All antileishmanial drugs are less effective in HIV-positive patients.…”

Diagnosing Neglected Tropical Diseases in HIV Coinfection

“…The reported typical lesions are similar to those observed in non-HIV-infected patients; however, unusual manifestations can occur due to severe immunosuppression. 86 Atypical manifestations are characterized by genital lesions and mucosal lesions associated with cutaneous lesions; 87 in addition, TL can be secondary to immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. [88][89][90] Laboratory diagnosis of TL.…”