American and Canadian National Park Agency Responses to Declining Visitation

Shultis, John

doi:10.1080/00222216.2011.11950228

Cited by 24 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Internationally, the healthy parks healthy people movement (see for example the foundational work by Maller et al, 2008) and urban parks initiatives (see for example Trzyna, 2014) frame these issues in a much broader context. We are indebted to those who have written some of the more comprehensive reviews of literature or critical papers that are at the core of this topic (e.g., Canadian Parks Council, 2014; Maller et al, 2008, Shultis & More, 2011and Tam, 2012).…”

Section: Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This decline in per capita parks visits has been relatively widespread across Canada and the US and there is some evidence, although not clear, that the trend reflects a broader decline in involvement in nature-based recreation (Balmford et al, 2009;Pergams & Zaradic, 2008). For provincial parks in Canada and state parks in the US, the trends are fairly similar (Shultis & More, 2011). Although day trips to some provincial parks have increased, overall visits to provincial parks in Canada have generally declined or are increasing below the rate of population growth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Building a culture of conservation: Research findings and research priorities on connecting people to nature in parks

Wright¹,

Mathews²

2015

PARKS

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Section: Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Building a culture of conservation: Research findings and research priorities on connecting people to nature in parks

Wright¹,

Mathews²

2015

PARKS

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“…While fewer visitors may reduce pressure on the natural environment and historic resources, it will also be accompanied by reduced funding and staffing for services and protection, and so a decrease in visitation can ultimately be expected to result in a decline in the quality and integrity of the National Park System. Diversifying the population of potential park visitors may maintain or increase visitation levels and prevent a loss of support for the treasures of the National Park System (Shultis & More 2011). Attracting minority visitors is a social responsibility that will help foster the preservation of national parks for everyone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Civil Rights Movement and the Future of the National Park System in a Racially Diverse America

Weber

Sultana

2013

Tourism Geographies

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The U.S. National Park System contains places of world-renowned beauty and tremendous historical significance that represent some of the central values and experiences in American culture, democracy, and freedom for everyone, for all time. However, the vast majority of visitors to these parks are white, which has increasingly been seen as a problem as it suggests a lack of full participation by all members of society. While there are several perspectives on low minority visitation, it is possible that park policies or interpretation may not appeal to, or may unintentionally exclude minority visitors. This study examines how efforts to expand the inclusiveness and representativeness of the park system may affect its geography. Recent National Park Service plans to commemorate the Civil Rights movement are examined with the goal of understanding how the geography and purpose of the park system may be changed over time. The expansion of the park system into cultural themes will likely necessitate a continual expansion of the number and kinds of park units.

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“…Instead, these leaders in conservation are recommending responsible travel that purposely minimizes the ecological footprint from travel while attempting to maximize tourism's "handprint" to the destination. Eagles (2014) and Shultis and More (2011) further this point through raising attention to the important link between park visitation and public support, which suggests that declines in visitation from calls to reduce travel could have disastrous consequences on the perceived value and future support of protected areas.…”

Section: Environmental Impacts Of Travel Within Destinationsmentioning

confidence: 95%

To Travel or Not to Travel? Both Have Implications for Sustainable Tourism

Boley

2014

Tourism Planning & Development

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The increasing concern over tourism's greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) and its subsequent impact on climate change has led some to recommend strict measures to reduce the volume of travel. While the reduction of tourism's GHG emissions is an essential piece of tourism's sustainability, there has been little discussion of the implications that reducing travel could have on a destination's triple bottom line (ecological, sociocultural, and economic sustainability). Much of the sustainable tourism literature has historically focused on maximizing tourism's benefits to residents' quality of life, the environment, cultural heritage, and the economy, but these traditional metrics have been largely removed from the recent discussion on tourism and climate change. This article proposes a conceptual model that incorporates the traditional metrics of sustainability with the net amount of GHG emitted to help determine whether travel has a net positive or negative impact. While the model is entirely theoretical, it depicts sustainable tourism as not solely a function of GHG emissions, but a function of maximizing tourism's positive impacts (handprint) within destinations while minimizing its GHG emissions (footprint). The article concludes by demonstrating how the framework can be applied to increase tourism's sustainability within destinations as well as globally.

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American and Canadian National Park Agency Responses to Declining Visitation

Cited by 24 publications

References 26 publications

Building a culture of conservation: Research findings and research priorities on connecting people to nature in parks

Building a culture of conservation: Research findings and research priorities on connecting people to nature in parks

The Civil Rights Movement and the Future of the National Park System in a Racially Diverse America

To Travel or Not to Travel? Both Have Implications for Sustainable Tourism

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