America's Response to China: An Interpretative History of Sino-American Relations

Neu, Charles E.; Cohen, Warren I.

doi:10.2307/1888465

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In 1928, if only by the grace of God and good instincts of Kellogg and Johnson [American officials], American policy had facilitated a rapprochement with Nationalist China. Once again, Americans could view themselves as champions of the sovereign rights of China (Cohen, 2019, pp. 110–111).…”

Section: The Kmt's Leninist State Under Confucian Fascism Of the 1930smentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Washington essentially perceived Sun's Three People's Principles with skepticism, as they were suspected of containing socialist and, even, communist elements. Therefore, they should not be taken seriously (Cohen, 2019, p. 99). Ironically, as a result of the U.S. cold‐shoulder attitude, Sun had no choice but cooperate with the Soviet Union, which, as noted, provided economic and military aid to help with reorganizing the KMT along the Leninist lines while setting up a military academy to train and prepare for nation‐wide armed campaign to wipe out the northern warlords and unify China.…”

Section: The Kmt's Leninist State Under Confucian Fascism Of the 1930smentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

China's Leninist State and strategic relations with the United States: Chiang's KMT in Nanjing Decade and implications for the Chinese Communist Party after 1949

Chen

2023

Asian Politics and Policy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This article revisits Chiang Kai‐shek's Kuomintang (KMT) party‐state during the Nanjing Decade (1927–37) of the Republic of China (ROC) and assesses how the actions and ideological propensities of the Nationalist regime affected prewar China's external relations with the United States. While both the KMT and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) were constituted as Leninist parties in the 1920s, due to the Soviet Union's military and economic aid for Sun Yat‐sen's republican revolution, they had very different political objectives and socioeconomic perspectives on China's state/nation‐building. Consequently, the KMT's and CCP's respective attitudes towards the United States also differed. Though Leninism is an antithesis to Western liberal democracy, it is not inevitable for a Leninist dictatorship to engage in confrontations with Washington, as the central leadership's inclinations and actions would determine how China approaches America. Chiang's Confucian Leninism opened up the friendly ties with the United States in 1928, which eventually consolidated into a strong U.S.‐ROC alliance during WWII and beyond, despite the KMT's autocracy. The essay will contrast briefly with the post‐1949 People's Republic of China (PRC), as the CCP experienced from Mao Zedong's radical Leninism, Deng Xiaoping/Jiang Zemin/Hu Jintao's consultative Leninism, to Xi Jinping's expansionist Leninism today. The evolving CCP positions have also affected the extent of cooperation and hostility between Beijing and Washington and illustrated how the changing attributes of the Chinese Leninist regime are crucial in determining U.S.‐PRC strategic trajectories.

show abstract

Section: The Kmt's Leninist State Under Confucian Fascism Of the 1930smentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Kmt's Leninist State Under Confucian Fascism Of the 1930smentioning

confidence: 99%

China's Leninist State and strategic relations with the United States: Chiang's KMT in Nanjing Decade and implications for the Chinese Communist Party after 1949

Chen

2023

Asian Politics and Policy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

America's Response to China: An Interpretative History of Sino-American Relations

Cited by 1 publication

References 0 publications

China's Leninist State and strategic relations with the United States: Chiang's KMT in Nanjing Decade and implications for the Chinese Communist Party after 1949

China's Leninist State and strategic relations with the United States: Chiang's KMT in Nanjing Decade and implications for the Chinese Communist Party after 1949

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About