Amenagement des produits forestiers ligneux et non ligneux dans la region de l’Est-Cameroun : Cas de la station polyvalente de recherche agricole d’Abong Mbang

Abstract

Les produits forestiers ligneux (PFL) et non ligneux (PFNL) jouent un rôle important pour le bien-être des populations au Cameroun. Malheureusement, elles font face à plusieurs menaces telle que l’exploitation commerciale de la ressource et l’exploitation anarchique de bois d’œuvre ; l’absence ou l’insuffisance de donnée scientifiques nécessaires pour les prises de décision d’aménagement. L’objectif de l’étude est d’identifier et d’évaluer la disponibilité des espèces végétales dans la forêt de la station polyvalente de recherche agricole d’Abong Mbang. Un inventaire d’aménagement a été effectué avec un taux de sondage de 5%. Il ressort de cette étude qu’il y une extrême diversité des PFL et PFNL dans la zone d’étude. Un total de 69 PFL (bois d’œuvre) et 18 PFNL sont utilisées dans la localité pour l’alimentation, la santé ou l’ornement. Les fruits et les feuilles sont généralement utilisés pour la consommation alors que les écorces sont à usage médicinale. Les connaissances ancestrales des populations locales sur cette ressource est approfondie et contribue à leur bien-être ont une des PFNL.
 
 Timber and non-timber forest products (NTFPs) play an important role for the well-being of the populations in Cameroon. Unfortunately, they face several threats such as the commercial exploitation of the resource and the uncontrolled exploitation of timber; the lack or insufficiency of scientific data necessary for management decisions. The objective of the study is to identify and evaluate the availability of plant species in the forest of the Abong-Mbang Agricultural Research Station. A management inventory was conducted with a sampling rate of 5%. The study revealed that there is an extreme diversity of LFAs and NTFPs in the study area. A total of 69 LFWPs (timber) and 18 NTFPs are used in the locality for food, health or ornamental purposes. Fruits and leaves are generally used for consumption while barks are used for medicinal purposes. The ancestral knowledge of local populations on this resource is deep and contributes to their well-being have a NTFP.

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“…Local populations have a deep knowledge of NTFPs and have been using them for a long time (Tchatat and Ndoye, 2006). Several associations and compositions are made by village herbalists to find specific solutions for the healing of different ailments (Bayoi et al, 2021). Decoction is the most practiced mode of use at more than 97.1% for R. heudelotti, 98.9% for I. gabonensis and 94.9% for T. tetraptera.…”

“…Three spice species were identified in this study: Irvingia gabonensis, Ricinodendron heudelotii and Tetrapleura tetraptera. According to Bayoi et al (2021), these are the most important species according to consumers and traders in the markets surveyed. In addition, they are appreciated by the population and are part of the main culinary dishes in the locality.…”

“…Data collection was carried out in two phases; -First phase: Exploratory survey and selection of respondents The exploratory survey was carried out in the markets of Mandjou, Bertoua 1 and Bertoua 2 to confirm information provided by Bayoi et al (2021). This survey consisted at visiting the markets to confirm the market value of these spice species and also to make contact with the traders, identify potential study markets, test the structured questionnaire that had been drawn up beforehand in order to become aware of the shortcomings and possible difficulties in the area and to take the necessary steps before the actual survey.…”

“…In Cameroon, thousands of rural people depend on NTFPs for food, economic income and many other services (Bayoi et al, 2021). There exist several NTFP organized in value chains like for example Djansang (Ricinodendron heudelotii), Wild Mango (Irvingia gabonensis), Gnetum (Gnetum spp.…”

“…However, despite their importance to the lives of many rural populations, much information about the socio-economic impact of certain species remains unexplored in some of Cameroon's cities, which hinders the ability to monitor, specie plants regulate and manage (Moupela et al, 2011;Tchapda et al, 2022). In the case of the city of Bertoua, the regional capital of the East Region, a study found that people have a particular interest in certain NTFPs (Bayoi et al, 2021). This is the case for Irvingia gabonensis, Ricinodendron heudelotii, Tetrapleura tetraptera identified by consumers and traders during exploratory studies.…”