Amelogenin as a promoter of nucleation and crystal growth of apatite

Uskoković, Vuk; Li, Wu; Habelitz, Stefan

doi:10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2010.12.005

Cited by 46 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…Namely, Ca 2+ ions are more mobile than H x PO 4 x-3 ions, which tend to reside on surfaces longer and present the starting points for nucleation of CPs 59,60 . Per the Ostwald-Lussac rule, the growth of a most stable phase proceeds through successive growth and dissolution of less stable ones in the direction spanning from the least to the most stable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear oscillatory dynamics of the hardening of calcium phosphate bone cements

Uskoković

Rau

2017

RSC Adv.

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Here we report on the nonlinear, oscillatory dynamics detected in the evolution of phase composition during the setting of different calcium phosphate cements, two of which evolved toward brushite and one toward hydroxyapatite as the final product. Whereas both brushite-forming cements contained ion-doped β-tricalcium phosphate as the initial phase, the zinc-containing one yielded scholzite as an additional phase during setting and the oscillations between these two products were pronounced throughout the entire 80 h setting period, long after the hardening processes was over from the mechanical standpoint. Oscillations in the copper-containing system involved the amount of brushite as the main product of the hardening reaction and they progressed faster toward an equilibrium point than in the zinc-containing system. Initially detected with the use of in situ energy-dispersive X-ray diffractometry, the oscillations were confirmed with a sufficient level of temporal matching in an in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic analysis. The kinetic reaction analysis based on the Johnson-Mehl-Avrami-Kolmogorov model indicated an edge-controlled nucleation mechanism for brushite. The hydroxyapatite-forming cement comprised gelatin as an additional phase with a role of slowing down diffusion and allowing the detection of otherwise rapid oscillations in crystallinity and in the amount of the apatitic phase on the timescale of minutes. A number of possible causes for these dynamic instabilities were discussed. The classical chemical oscillatory model should not apply to these systems unless in combination with less exotic mechanisms of physicochemical nature. One possibility is that the variations in viscosity, directly affecting diffusion and nucleation rates and accompanying growth and transformation from the lower to the higher interfacial energy per the Ostwald-Lussac rule, are responsible for the oscillatory dynamics. The conception of bone replacement materials and tissue engineering constructs capable of engaging in the dynamics of integration with the natural tissues in compliance with this oscillatory nature may open a new avenue for the future of this type of medical devices. To succeed in this goal, the mechanism of these and similar instabilities must be better understood.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear oscillatory dynamics of the hardening of calcium phosphate bone cements

Uskoković

Rau

2017

RSC Adv.

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“…The latter will be increasingly exploited in future because many natural self-assembly processes, including biomineralization, occur exactly under conditions of low supersaturation when phase transformations are governed by subtle interactions conveyed by weak chemical forces. [113–115] …”

Section: Practical Limitations Of ζ; Potential Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Light Scattering Based Microelectrophoresis: Main Prospects and Limitations

Uskoković¹

2012

Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology

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125

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Microelectrophoresis based on the dynamic light scattering (DLS) effect has been a major tool for assessing and controlling the conditions for stability of colloidal systems. However, both the DLS methods for characterization of the hydrodynamic size of dispersed submicron particles and the theory behind the electrokinetic phenomena are associated with fundamental and practical approximations that limit their sensitivity and information output. Some of these fundamental limitations, including the spherical approximation of DLS measurements and an inability of microelectrophoretic analyses of colloidal systems to detect discrete charges and differ between differently charged particle surfaces due to rotational diffusion and particle orientation averaging, are revisited in this work. Along with that, the main prospects of these two analytical methods are mentioned. A detailed review of the role of zeta potential in processes of biochemical nature is given too. It is argued that although zeta potential has been used as one of the main parameters in controlling the stability of colloidal dispersions, its application potentials are much broader. Manipulating surface charges of interacting species in designing complex soft matter morphologies using the concept of zeta potential, intensively investigated recently, is given as one of the examples. Branching out from the field of colloid chemistry, DLS and zeta potential analyses are now increasingly finding application in drug delivery, biotechnologies, physical chemistry of nanoscale phenomena and other research fields that stand on the frontier of the contemporary science. Coupling the DLS-based microelectrophoretic systems with complementary characterization methods is mentioned as one of the prosperous paths for increasing the information output of these two analytical techniques.

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“…As shown in Fig. 13.2d, the nucleation lag time for precipitation of apatite from metastable solutions of KH 2 PO 4 and CaCl 2 at the physiological pH decreases in direct proportion with the concentration of human recombinant full-length amelogenin (Uskoković et al 2011b). Compared to recombinant human amelogenin used in these studies (rH174) (Uskoković et al 2008), which lacks phosphorylation on 16 Ser residue, the biological variant of it is expected to have an even more pronounced propensity to stimulate the nucleation of apatite, considering the apatite-nucleation potential of abundantly phosphorylated extracellular bone and dentin matrix proteins.…”

Section: 3 the Basic Model Of Amelogenesis And A Question Mark Ovementioning

confidence: 93%

Amelogenin in Enamel Tissue Engineering

Uskoković

2015

Engineering Mineralized and Load Bearing Tissues

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In this chapter the basic premises, the recent findings and the future challenges in the use of amelogenin for enamel tissue engineering are being discoursed on. Results emerging from the experiments performed to assess the fundamental physicochemical mechanisms of the interaction of amelogenin, the main protein of the enamel matrix, and the growing crystals of apatite, are mentioned, alongside a moderately comprehensive literature review of the subject at hand. The clinical importance of understanding this protein/mineral interaction at the nanoscale are highlighted as well as the potential for tooth enamel to act as an excellent model system for studying some of the essential aspects of biomineralization processes in general. The dominant paradigm stating that amelogenin directs the uniaxial growth of apatite crystals in enamel by slowing down the growth of (hk0) faces on which it adheres is being questioned based on the results demonstrating the ability of amelogenin to promote the nucleation and crystal growth of apatite under constant titration conditions designed to mimic those present in the developing enamel matrix. The role of numerous minor components of the enamel matrix is being highlighted as essential and impossible to compensate for by utilizing its more abundant ingredients only. It is concluded that the three major aspects of amelogenesis outlined hereby – (1) the assembly of amelogenin and other enamel matrix proteins, (2) the proteolytic activity, and (3) crystallization – need to be in precise synergy with each other in order for the grounds for the proper imitation of amelogenesis in the lab to be created.

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Amelogenin as a promoter of nucleation and crystal growth of apatite

Cited by 46 publications

References 36 publications

Nonlinear oscillatory dynamics of the hardening of calcium phosphate bone cements

Nonlinear oscillatory dynamics of the hardening of calcium phosphate bone cements

Dynamic Light Scattering Based Microelectrophoresis: Main Prospects and Limitations

Amelogenin in Enamel Tissue Engineering

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