Ameliorative measures to counter heat stress in poultry

Kumari, K. Nalini; Nath, Debarshi

doi:10.1017/s0043933917001003

Cited by 48 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…The increase in ambient temperature is perceived by the sympathetic nerves, which transmit the impulse to the adrenal medulla. The adrenal medulla increases the secretion of catecholamines, which cause a surge of glucose release in the blood, deplete liver glycogen, reduce muscle glycogen, increase respiration rate, vasodilate the peripheral blood vessels, and increase neural sensitivity to cope with the stress [ 11 , 25 ]. As stress persists for a more extended period, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is activated.…”

Section: Biological Changes In Poultry Due To Heat Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Heat stress results from the interaction of different factors such as high environmental temperature, humidity, radiant heat, and airspeed; among them, high ambient temperature plays a significant role [ 10 ]. The normal body temperature of the chicken is around 41–42 °C, and the thermoneutral temperature to maximize growth is between 18–21 °C [ 11 ]. Studies have shown that any environmental temperature higher than 25 °C elicits heat stress in poultry [ 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Heat Stress on Poultry Health and Performances, and Potential Mitigation Strategies

Wasti

Sah

Mishra

2020

Animals

183

184

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Heat stress is one of the major environmental stressors in the poultry industry resulting in substantial economic loss. Heat stress causes several physiological changes, such as oxidative stress, acid-base imbalance, and suppressed immunocompetence, which leads to increased mortality and reduced feed efficiency, body weight, feed intake, and egg production, and also affects meat and egg quality. Several strategies, with a variable degree of effectiveness, have been implemented to attenuate heat stress in poultry. Nutritional strategies, such as restricting the feed, wet or dual feeding, adding fat in diets, supplementing vitamins, minerals, osmolytes, and phytochemicals, have been widely studied and found to reduce the deleterious effects of heat stress. Furthermore, the use of naked neck (Na) and frizzle (F) genes in certain breed lines have also gained massive attention in recent times. However, only a few of these strategies have been widely used in the poultry industry. Therefore, developing heat-tolerant breed lines along with proper management and nutritional approach needs to be considered for solving this problem. Thus, this review highlights the scientific evidence regarding the effects of heat stress on poultry health and performances, and potential mitigation strategies against heat stress in broiler chickens and laying hens.

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Section: Biological Changes In Poultry Due To Heat Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Heat Stress on Poultry Health and Performances, and Potential Mitigation Strategies

Wasti

Sah

Mishra

2020

Animals

183

184

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Other animals may adopt a more aggressive foraging or predation behavior to augment energy intake necessary to support the increased basal metabolic demands for physiological homeostasis (16,34,50,81,126). For animals that spend little of their time foraging and inhabit food-rich areas, increased feeding could be expected to meet increased energetic and water balance demands associated with increased heat waves (70). In contrast, animals that already maximize foraging times in environments where food is scarce cannot further increase energy intake and are more likely to adopt a quiescence strategy.…”

Section: Figure 4 Schematic Of Behavioral and Physiological Adjustmementioning

confidence: 99%

Heat Waves, the New Normal: Summertime Temperature Extremes Will Impact Animals, Ecosystems, and Human Communities

2019

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A consequence of climate change is the increased frequency and severity of extreme heat waves. This is occurring now as most of the warmest summers and most intense heat waves ever recorded have been during the past decade. In this review, I describe the ways in which animals and human populations are likely to respond to increased extreme heat, suggest how to study those responses, and reflect on the importance of those studies for countering the devastating impacts of climate change.

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“…Feed restriction was introduced as a management strategy to reduce the negative effect of heat stress by reducing heat increment generated with nutrient metabolism (Daghir, 2009). Naga Raja Kumari and Narendra Nath (2017) suggested that early feed restriction can be used to mediate the negative effects of heat stress through producing thermo-tolerant birds that are able to maintain high performance under hot environmental condition. Moreover, early feed restriction resulted in a positive effect on broiler immune response which was impaired by heat stress exposure (Khajavi et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Feed Restriction and Vitamin C Supplementation on Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Some Blood Parameters of Broiler Reared Under Heat Stress

Desoky

Kamel

2018

Egyptian Journal of Nutrition and Feeds

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roduction performance is closely related to feed intake and feed components. Heat stress has a direct effect on feed intake and can impair productivity and immunological responses. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of feed restriction and vitamin C supplementation on broiler performance under heat stress conditions. A total of 180 one-day old Arbor Acres chicks were randomly assigned to four experimental groups with three replicates (15 birds of each). The experimental chicks were fed the basal diet ad libitum (Control), fed the basal diet supplemented with 250 mg/kg vitamin C (Vit. C) ad libitum, deprived of feed for 8h/day (FR), or received the basal diet supplemented with 250 mg/kg vitamin C with feed deprivation for 8h/day (FR+Vit. C). All the experimental groups were exposed to cyclic environmental heat stress of 33.5±1.5˚C for 8h/day starting from 21 to 42 days of age. The feed withdrawal was synchronized with the period of temperature elevation. Feed intake, body weight gain and feed conversion were measured on 0, 21, 35 and 42 days of the experiment. At the end of the experiment, blood samples were collected for determining the H/L ratio and quantifying some relative plasma constituents. Antibody titers of Newcastle (ND), Infectious Bronchitis (IBD) and Avian Influenza (AID) diseases were quantified after three weeks of immunization. Data revealed that feed restriction caused a significant reduction in feed intake and weight gain of broilers during the first three weeks of life. Vitamin C supplementation improved feed intake, body weight gain and feed conversion during the period from 22 to 35 days. Plasma total protein and albumin increased significantly, while transaminases (liver enzymes) activity and the H/L ratio were reduced significantly due to different treatments when compared to the control. Antibody titers for ND and IBD significantly increased due to the different treatments as compared to the control group. The data revealed that feed restriction under thermo-neutral condition reduces the broiler growth performance. But when birds were subjected to elevated environmental temperature, feed rustication with or without vitamin C supplementation improved the broiler performance, with no effect on carcass characteristics, and produced a substantial improvement in immune response of heat stressed broilers. Vitamin C supplementation at 250 mg/kg can be used to alleviate the negative effects of heat stress on broiler productive and immunological responses.

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Ameliorative measures to counter heat stress in poultry

Cited by 48 publications

References 76 publications

Impact of Heat Stress on Poultry Health and Performances, and Potential Mitigation Strategies

Impact of Heat Stress on Poultry Health and Performances, and Potential Mitigation Strategies

Heat Waves, the New Normal: Summertime Temperature Extremes Will Impact Animals, Ecosystems, and Human Communities

Effect of Feed Restriction and Vitamin C Supplementation on Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Some Blood Parameters of Broiler Reared Under Heat Stress

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