Ameliorative Effect of Sinapic Acid on Dextran Sodium Sulfate- (DSS-) Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Kunming (KM) Mice

Abstract

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic gastrointestinal disease characterized by intestinal inflammation and serious mucosal damage. As a naturally hydroxycinnamic acid, sinapic acid (SA) has antioxidant, anticancer, and neuroprotective activities. We investigated the anticolitic effect and potential mechanisms of SA in DSS-induced colitis in Kunming (KM) mice. SA treatment significantly reduced body weight loss, colon shortening, and intestinal wall thickening in colitis mice. SA treatment also significantly reduced the histological infiltration of inflammatory cells and decreased myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in the colons of colitis mice. The administration of SA attenuated oxidative damage by enhancing the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and catalase and reduced the serum and colonic mRNA levels of proinflammatory cytokines in colitis mice. We used qRT-PCR and Western blotting assays and demonstrated that SA reduced the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and attenuated intestinal permeability by enhancing the expression of ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-1 in colitis mice. Here, we conclude that SA exhibits great anticolitic activity against DSS-induced colitis by enhancing the activity of antioxidant enzymes, reducing intestinal inflammation, and maintaining the intestinal barrier. Finally, we suggest that SA may be a safe adjuvant for the prevention of clinical colitis.

Sinapic Acid Alleviated Inflammation-Induced Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Dysfunction in Lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) Treated Caco-2 Cells

“…Mediators of Inflammation structure. Recent studies have suggested that SA has antiinflammatory effects on intestinal inflammation and can regulate the intestinal microbiota and improve the redox state [25,29,30]. In the current investigation, we attempted to appraise the effects of SA on intestinal inflammation and permeability.…”

“…Plant-derived phenolic compounds are a type of organic acid that contains either a benzoic or cinnamic acid skeleton with phenol as the basic framework and a relatively simple structure. Recent studies have suggested that SA has anti-inflammatory effects on intestinal inflammation and can regulate the intestinal microbiota and improve the redox state [ 25 , 29 , 30 ]. In the current investigation, we attempted to appraise the effects of SA on intestinal inflammation and permeability.…”

Modulatory Properties of Food and Nutraceutical Components Targeting NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation

“…Sinapic acid is a hydroxycinnamic acid widely found in many foodstuffs, such as vegetables, spices, citrus, berry fruits, cereals, oilseed crops, wine, and vinegar. Sinapic acid has shown antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties [ 134 ], as well as a modulating activity against the NLRP3 inflammasome complex in mouse models with chemically induced colitis [ 57 ]. The monitoring of NLRP3 inflammasome protein levels in the inflamed colon tissue of Kunming mice (colitis model), by Western blot analysis, after sinapic acid treatment for 7 days, have shown a reduction in the amounts of NLRP3, ASC, IL-1β, and caspase-1 proteins.…”

Exosomal MicroRNA-181a Derived From Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improves Gut Microbiota Composition, Barrier Function, and Inflammatory Status in an Experimental Colitis Model

“…Next, in vivo and in vitro experiments verified that silencing exosomal miR-181a aggravated inflammation in colon tissue and increased inflammatory factor levels and apoptosis. It has been reported that MPO might serve as an important diagnostic and prognostic tool in assessing UC status ( 30 ). The MPO activity in colon tissue was downregulated in the MSC-con group compared with that in the DSS group.…”