Ameliorative effect of &lt;i&gt;Citrus aurantifolia&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Cinnamomum burmannii&lt;/i&gt; extracts on diabetic complications in a hyperglycemic rat model

Mawarti, Herin; Khotimah, Mohammad Zulfikar As’ad; Rajin, Mukhammad

doi:10.4314/tjpr.v17i5.11

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…limonin) [27]. Fruit extract of lime has been found to reduce hyperglycemia via inhibition of pancreatic α‐amylase activity [28] and ameliorate diabetic complications [29], while its leaf essential oil decreases blood glucose level and increases hepatic glycogen concentration in diabetic rats [30]. This report attests to the ability of lime fruits in the management of diabetes and its complications, through the inhibition of polyol pathway enzymes – aldose reductase and sorbitol dehydrogenase.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Citrus aurantifolia(Christm.) Swingle (lime) Fruit Extract Inhibits the Activities of Polyol Pathway Enzymes

Kazeem

Bankole

Oladokun

et al. 2020

eFood

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Diabetes mellitus is associated with several complications, which may result from one or more factors including increased flux of polyol pathway. This study evaluated the inhibitory potential of four citrus fruits namely Citrus paradisi Macfad. (grape), Citrus limon (L.) Osbeck (lemon), Citrus aurantifolia (Christm.) Swingle (lime) and Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck (orange), on the activities of aldose reductase and sorbitol dehydrogenase -the two enzymes that mediate the polyol pathway. This is determined by incubating citrus extracts with appropriate enzymes and substrates. Fruit extract with the lowest half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) was used to assess the mode of inhibition of the enzymes by preparing Lineweaver-Burk plot. Citrus fruits tested inhibited sorbitol dehydrogenase more than aldose reductase, which resulted in lowered IC 50 values. Of all the citrus fruits tested, lime fruit extract displayed potent inhibition of aldose reductase (IC 50 : 138.66 µg/mL) and sorbitol dehydrogenase (IC 50 : 47.21 µg/mL). Kinetic studies also revealed that lime fruit extract inhibited the activities of both enzymes in a competitive manner. In conclusion, the inhibition of the polyol pathway enzymes by the lime fruit extract may be attributed to the presence of phytochemicals such as flavonoids and limonoids.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Citrus aurantifolia(Christm.) Swingle (lime) Fruit Extract Inhibits the Activities of Polyol Pathway Enzymes

Kazeem

Bankole

Oladokun

et al. 2020

eFood

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“…A significant increase in the levels of SOD and glutathione was observed following 6 weeks of treatment (31). In another study, in Wistar rats treated orally with a combination of Citrus aurantifolia and Cinnamomum burmannii at 100, 300 and 500 mg/kg, exhibited an increase in the levels of SOD following treatment (32).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Integrated molecular docking, dynamic simulations and in vivo analysis of ethanol extract Citrus sinensis peel as an antioxidant and neurotrophic agent for ameliorating motor and cognitive functions in traumatic brain injury

Santoso,

Putra,

Syaban

et al. 2023

World Acad Sci J

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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the primary injury to the brain caused by mechanical forces. It is one of the leading causes of mortality in mid-life. Increased levels of inflammation and oxidation, and decreased levels of neurotrophic factor lead to a worsening of the condition. In previous studies, the authors demonstrated that the ethanol extract of Citrus sinensis peel (CSPE) functioned as an antioxidant using molecular docking and dynamic simulations. In the present study, in order to confirm these findings, a Marmarou weight drop model which included rats with TBI. Molecular docking against c-Jun N-terminal kinase 3 (JNK3) was also performed. The rats were divided into the sham-operated, control and treatment groups. The treatment groups received CSPE at 50, 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight (groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively) orally once a day for 7 days following the induction of TBI. Superoxide dismutase (SOD)1, SOD2, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression levels were analyzed using immunohistochemistry. Surviving neurons were analyzed using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Barnes' maze and wire grip tests were performed on the 1st, 3rd and 7th days following TBI. The results revealed a significant increase in the numbers of surviving neurons and in BDNF expression in groups 2 and 3, a higher expression of SOD1 in group 3, and a higher expression of SOD2 in all the treatment groups. Wire grip duration was significantly longer on the 7th day following TBI in group 3, and Barnes maze latency was significantly shorter on the 3rd and 7th days following TBI compared to the previous time in all treatment groups. Molecular docking analysis also revealed that CSPE compounds, particularly chanoclavine and nootkatone, interacted with JNK3 in the same binding pocket. On the whole, the present study demonstrates that CSPE helps protect the brain from damage by functioning as an antioxidant, increasing neurotrophic activities and inhibiting apoptosis. This reduces the overall neurological issues that are associated with TBI. However, further studies on the efficacy and safety of CSPE are required in order to determine its full potential in improving motor and cognitive functions following TBI.

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“…Whereas, lime juice in F3 contains chemical compounds with antioxidant properties, such as vitamin C, that was found to inhibit the aldose reductase enzyme. Other antioxidants in the lime juice reduced the advanced glycation end products (AGEs) formation in sorbitol-aldolase reductase pathway and affected the glucose metabolismrelated enzyme gene expression (Mawarti et al, 2018). Moreover, the addition of lime juice increased the acidity of the formula, which promoted freshness, enhanced the perception of other tastes and might prolong the shelf life of a beverage (Marcus, 2019).…”

Section: Results and Discussion Determination Of Raw Ingredientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The IMPACTS OF FORMULATION AND STORAGE ON Α-Glucosidase INHIBITORY ACTIVITY OF LEMONGRASS, GINGER, AND BLACK TEA FUNCTIONAL BEVERAGES

Santoso

Sunardi

Ignatia

et al. 2021

J.Pharm.Sci.Community

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Functional beverages from lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus), white ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) and black tea (Camelia sinensis) were developed based on their α-glucosidase inhibitory (AGI) activities and sensory acceptance. The AGI was evaluated using in vitro enzymatic assay, while sensory acceptance was tested using affective sensory tests. The evaluation of their aqueous extracts showed that dried lemongrass and ginger possessed higher extraction yield (3.4 %, 2.7 %, respectively), though not necessarily accompanied with a better AGI activity (IC50 24.50 mg/mL, IC50 16.61 mg/mL) than the fresh lemongrass and ginger (2.1 %, 1.8 %, IC50 17.93 mg/ml, IC50 >47.00 mg/mL, respectively). Meanwhile, the evaluation of the combined extract showed additive and synergistic effects. The extract combination formula was selected based on the sensory acceptance, resulting in the beverages containing 4.29 mg/mL of lemongrass, 0.71 mg/mL of ginger, and 1.05 mg/mL of black tea with a total phenolic content of 636.45 mg/L Gallic Acid Equivalent (GAE). The selected formula showed the stability of AGI activity andthe pH value at 4 °C were in accordance with the growth of microbial count that was lower than those stored at 25 °C in a 50-day period. Changes in color and oBrix value were not significantly observed in the samples stored at 25 °C and 4 °C. Lime juice was selected as the additional flavoring agent, which could increase both the palatability and AGI activity of the beverages.

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Ameliorative effect of <i>Citrus aurantifolia</i> and <i>Cinnamomum burmannii</i> extracts on diabetic complications in a hyperglycemic rat model

Cited by 7 publications

References 17 publications

Citrus aurantifolia(Christm.) Swingle (lime) Fruit Extract Inhibits the Activities of Polyol Pathway Enzymes

Citrus aurantifolia(Christm.) Swingle (lime) Fruit Extract Inhibits the Activities of Polyol Pathway Enzymes

Integrated molecular docking, dynamic simulations and in vivo analysis of ethanol extract Citrus sinensis peel as an antioxidant and neurotrophic agent for ameliorating motor and cognitive functions in traumatic brain injury

The IMPACTS OF FORMULATION AND STORAGE ON Α-Glucosidase INHIBITORY ACTIVITY OF LEMONGRASS, GINGER, AND BLACK TEA FUNCTIONAL BEVERAGES

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