Ameliorative Effect of Ficus hispida Linn. Leaf Extract on Cyclophosphamide-Induced Oxidative Hepatic Injury in Rats

Shanmugarajan, T. S.; Arunsundar, M.; Somasundaram, I.; Sivaraman, D.; Krishnakumar, E.; Ravichandran, V.

doi:10.3923/jpt.2008.363.372

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The present study showed that increment of oxidative stress in liver of mice after administration of CP could be due to inhibition of antioxidant enzymes activities (GST, GPx, GST, SOD, CAT) and reduction of GSH levels. In agreement with the present study, oxidative stress was increased after CP exposure in both humans and mice [52,53]. The mechanism of induction of oxidative stress could be due to metabolic conversion of CP to several types of toxic metabolites [54].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…In clinical applications, oxidative stress induced by CP play a significant role in the incidence of hepatotoxicity [52,53]. The present study showed that increment of oxidative stress in liver of mice after administration of CP could be due to inhibition of antioxidant enzymes activities (GST, GPx, GST, SOD, CAT) and reduction of GSH levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

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Protective Effects of Essential Oils as Natural Antioxidants against Hepatotoxicity Induced by Cyclophosphamide in Mice

2016

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Clinical application of cyclophosphamide (CP) as an anticancer drug is often limited due to its toxicity. CP is metabolized mainly in the liver by cytochrome P450 system into acrolein which is the proximate toxic metabolite. Many different natural antioxidants were found to alleviate the toxic effects of various toxic agents via different mechanisms. Therefore, the present study aimed at investigating the role of essential oils extracted from fennel, cumin and clove as natural antioxidants in the alleviation of hepatotoxicity induced by CP through assessment of hepatotoxicity biomarkers (AST, ALT, ALP), histopathology of liver tissues as well as other biochemical parameters involved in the metabolism of CP. The data of the present study showed that treatment of male mice with cyclophosphamide (2.5 mg/Kg BW) as repeated dose for 28 consecutive days was found to induce hepatotoxicity through the elevation in the activities of AST, ALT, and ALP. Combined administration of any of these oils with CP to mice partially normalized the altered hepatic biochemical markers caused by CP, whereas administration of fennel, clove or cumin essential oils alone couldn’t change liver function indices. Moreover, CP caused histological changes in livers of mice including swelling and dilation in sinusoidal space, inflammation in portal tract and hepatocytes, as well as, hyperplasia in Kuppfer cells. However, co-administration of any of the essential oils with CP alleviated to some extent the changes caused by CP but not as the normal liver. CP was also found to induce free radical levels (measured as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) and inhibited the activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, and catalase as well as activities and protein expressions of both glutathione S-transferase (GSTπ) and glutathione peroxidase. Essential oils restored changes in activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GR, GST, and GPx) caused by CP to their normal levels compared to control group. In addition, treatment of mice with CP was found to induce the protein expression of CYP 3A4, 2B1/2, 2C6, 2C23. Moreover, the present study showed that essential oils reduced the expression of CYPs 2E1, 3A4 but could not restore the expression of CYP 2C6 and 2C23 compared to CP-treated mice. Interestingly, pretreatment of mice with essential oil of clove was found to restore activities of DMN-dI, AHH, and ECOD which were induced by CP to their normal control levels. It is concluded that EOs showed a marked hepatoprotective effect against hepatotoxicity induced by CP. In addition, co-administration of CP with any of these oils might be used as a new strategy for cancer treatment to alleviate the hepatotoxicity induced by CP.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Protective Effects of Essential Oils as Natural Antioxidants against Hepatotoxicity Induced by Cyclophosphamide in Mice

2016

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“…There have been suggestions that the co-administration of CYP with a potent antioxidant may mitigate gonadal toxicity (Singh et al, 2015). Therefore, a number of natural products or herbal medicines (El-Alfy et al, 2013;Oh et al, 2007;Premkumar et al, 2001;Shanmugarajan et al, 2008) have been examined for their possible protective or mitigating effects on CYP-induced reproductive toxicity, with variable results. However, despite the fact that a number of plants have shown promise against CYP-induced reproductive system toxicity (Jalali, Hassanzadeh, & Malekinejad, 2011;Nantia, Moundipa, Monsees, & Carreau, 2009;Premkumar et al, 2001Singh et al, 2015, impaired fertility that results from CYP-induced gonadotoxicity still presents a unique challenge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyclophosphamide-induced male subfertility in mice: An assessment of the potential benefits of Maca supplement

2017

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Effects of Lepidium meyenii (Maca) on cyclophosphamide (CYP)-induced gonadal toxicity in male mice were investigated. Mice were assigned to six treatment groups: Vehicle control, CYP control, CYP plus oral Maca (500 or 1,000 mg/kg), and oral Maca (500 or 1,000 mg/kg). CYP was administered via the intraperitoneal route (days 1-2), while vehicle or Maca were administered daily for 28 days. On day 28, half of the animals in each group were either sacrificed or paired with age-matched females for fertility assessment. Plasma testosterone assay, sperm analysis and assessment of tissue antioxidant/morphological status were also carried out. CYP administration was associated with oxidative stress, subfertility and morphometric/morphological indices of gonadal injury, while administration of Maca mitigated CYP-induced gonadal toxicity and subfertility. This study shows that Maca is beneficial in the mitigation of CYP-induced male gonadal insufficiency and/or testicular morphological changes; however, further studies will be needed to ascertain its usability for this purpose in humans.

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“…It prevents degradation of mucosa, causes restoration of carbohydrates as well as carbohydrate/protein ratio and enhances the synthesis of cytoprotective prostaglandins like PGI. [ 37 ]…”

Section: Ethnomedicinal Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ficus hispida Linn.: A review of its pharmacognostic and ethnomedicinal properties

Ali¹,

Chaudhary²

2011

Phcog Rev

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Ficus hispida (FH) Linn. is a moderate sized tree found throughout the year and is grown wild or cultivated for its edible fruits and folklore value. Traditionally, different parts of the plant have been used in the treatment of ulcers, psoriasis, anemia, piles jaundice, vitiligo, hemorrhage, diabetes, convulsion, hepatitis, dysentery, biliousness, and as lactagogue and purgative. FH contains wide varieties of bioactives from different phytochemical groups like alkaloids, carbohydrates, proteins and amino acids, sterols, phenols, flavonoids, gums and mucilage, glycosides, saponins, and terpenes. Various scientific works have been published to establish the scientific basis of traditional medicinal values attributed to FH. Furthermore, newer pharmacological activities like antineoplastic, cardioprotective, neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects were also reported recently. Till now, no work has been published to elaborate the pharmacognostic features of FH Linn. The present review is, therefore, an effort to give a detailed account on its pharmacognosy and phytochemistry, and an extensive survey on its pharmacological activities. Moreover, we are trying to establish the mechanism of action behind its earlier reported pharmacology. The review also looks at the future formulation based delivery approaches of its lipophilic bioactives, which is done to enhance its dissolution so as to increase its bioavailability, and thus the associated pharmacological action.

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Ameliorative Effect of Ficus hispida Linn. Leaf Extract on Cyclophosphamide-Induced Oxidative Hepatic Injury in Rats

Cited by 11 publications

References 2 publications

Protective Effects of Essential Oils as Natural Antioxidants against Hepatotoxicity Induced by Cyclophosphamide in Mice

Protective Effects of Essential Oils as Natural Antioxidants against Hepatotoxicity Induced by Cyclophosphamide in Mice

Cyclophosphamide-induced male subfertility in mice: An assessment of the potential benefits of Maca supplement

Ficus hispida Linn.: A review of its pharmacognostic and ethnomedicinal properties

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