Ameliorative Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Artocarpus heterophyllus Stem Bark on Alloxan-induced Diabetic Rats

Abstract

Purpose: Diabetes mellitus is one of the major endocrine disorders, characterized by impaired insulin action and deficiency. Traditionally, Artocarpus heterophyllus stem bark has been reputably used in the management of diabetes mellitus and its complications. The present study evaluates the ameliorative activity of ethanol extract of Artocarpus heterophyllus stem bark in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.Methods: Diabetes mellitus was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of 150 mg/kg body weight of alloxan and the animals were orally administered with 50, 100 and 150 mg/kg body weight ethanol extract of Artocarpus heterophyllus stem bark once daily for 21 days.Results: At the end of the intervention, diabetic control rats showed significant (p<0.05) weight reduction, abnormal haematological parameters, high serum lipids (except high density lipoprotein) concentrations, increased creatinine, bilirubin and urea levels with decreased in albumin level when compared with non-diabetic control rats. All these alterations were reverted to normal after administered with different doses of ethanol extract of Artocarpus heterophyllus stem bark most especially at 150 mg/kg body weight which exhibited no significant (p>0.05) different with non-diabetic rats.Conclusion: The results suggest that ethanol extract of Artocarpus heterophyllus stem bark may be useful in ameliorating complications associated with diabetes mellitus patients.

Ameliorative potentials of aqueous extracts of leaf and stem of Ipomoea involucrata on selected biochemicals in experimental diabetic rats

“…21 Numerous studies have previously observed increases in glucose level in diabetic conditions. 2,8,22 In addition, increase in glucose level has been associated with oxidative stress. 23 Consequently, the significant increase in blood glucose level in diabetic (not treated) rats could be a consequence of the intrinsic oxidative stress generated as a result of the destruction of beta cells in rats administered alloxan.…”

“…The high concentration of triglyceride, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein and decrease in high density lipoprotein observed in diabetes untreated rats compared to normal rats group, agreed with reports of some researchers which suggests that an elevated glucose level will occur upon induction of diabetes, and this would give rise to corresponding increase in plasma lipids concentration. 2,8,17,33 Hyperlipidaemia is a factor of cardiovascular diseases associated with diabetes mellitus. It is often characterized by elevated cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids and other lipoproteins.…”

Ethyl acetate leaf fraction ofCnidoscolus aconitifolius(Mill.) I. M. Johnst: antioxidant potential, inhibitory activities of key enzymes on carbohydrate metabolism, cholinergic, monoaminergic, purinergic, and chemical fingerprinting

“…Diabetes mellitus, especially type II is a lingering disease with increasing fasting blood glucose level (hyperglycaemia). [1] Presently, more than 422 million people globally are suffering from diabetes mellitus, particularly type II diabetes mellitus, and it is anticipated to reach 642 million by 2040 if necessary actions are not taken. [2,3] Added to this, diabetes mellitus is rated as the sixth leading cause of death.…”

“…This may trigger the destruction of pancreatic beta cell, an insulin-secreting organ, and couple with the stimulation of all key pathways essential for diverse mechanisms of chronic vascular diabetes mellitus complications like glycation and sorbitol pathways amongst others. [7,8] Furthermore, persistent hyperglycaemia may trigger neurodegenerative diseases, erectile dysfunction, hypertension, etc. Moreover, several studies have suggested that there is a negative correlation between the consumption of the plant products and the incidence of some chronic diseases such as atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's diseases, and diabetes mellitus.…”

Anti-Diabetic Effect of a Novel Nano Polymer of Thymol in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Wistar Rats

“…It has been documented that the Zataria multiflora essential oil has been able to protect the increase of ALP produced by STZ in diabetic rats [51]. It has already been documented that the ethanolic extract of the Artocarpus heterophyllus, which contains terpenoids, reduces the amount of bilirubin in diabetic rats in a dose-dependent manner [52]. Also, the aqueous extract of the Canarium odontophyllum, containing terpenoid and flavonoid, reduced the amount of total bilirubin in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats [53].…”