Amelioration of Gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane (Lindane) induced renal toxicity by Camellia sinensis in Wistar rats

Abstract

Aim:A study to assess the toxic effects of gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane (γ-HCH) (lindane) and ameliorative effects of Camellia sinensis on renal system has been carried out in male Wistar rats.Materials and Methods:Four groups of rats with 18 each were maintained under standard laboratory hygienic conditions and provided feed and water ad libitum. γ-HCH was gavaged at 20 mg/kg b.wt. using olive oil as vehicle to Groups II. C. sinensis at 100 mg/kg b.wt. was administered orally in distilled water to Group IV in addition to γ-HCH 20 mg/kg b.wt. up to 45 days to study ameliorative effects. Groups I and III were treated with distilled water and C. sinensis (100 mg/kg b.wt.), respectively. Six rats from each group were sacrificed at fortnight intervals. Serum was collected for creatinine estimation. The kidney tissues were collected in chilled phosphate buffer saline for antioxidant profile and in also 10% buffered formalin for histopathological studies.Results:γ-HCH treatment significantly increased serum creatinine and significantly reduced the renal antioxidative enzymes catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase. Grossly, severe congestion was noticed in the kidneys. Microscopically, kidney revealed glomerular congestion, atrophy, intertubular hemorrhages, degenerative changes in tubular epithelium with vacuolated cytoplasm, desquamation of epithelium and urinary cast formation. A significant reduction in serum creatinine levels, significant improvement in renal antioxidant enzyme activities and near to normal histological appearance of kidneys in Group IV indicated that the green tea ameliorated the effects of γ-HCH, on renal toxicity.Conclusion:This study suggested that C. sinensis extract combined with γ-HCH could enhance antioxidant/detoxification system which consequently reduced the oxidative stress thus potentially reducing γ-HCH toxicity and tissue damage.

Exotic Medicinal Plants Used in Brazil with Diuretic Properties: A Review

“…The daily administration of black tea induced diuresis, an effect accompanied by increased urine levels of Na + . Prasad et al [38] . evaluated the effect of the methanolic extract of C. sinensis leaves to improve the renal toxicity induced by gamma‐hexachlorocyclohexane in NTR.…”

“…The daily administration of black tea induced diuresis, an effect accompanied by increased urine levels of Na + . Prasad et al [38] evaluated the effect of the methanolic extract of C. sinensis leaves to improve the renal toxicity induced by gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane in NTR. That study suggested that the extract of C. sinensis, combined with the toxic agent, reduced oxidative stress generation, toxicity, and kidney tissue damage.…”

Unraveling the metabolic profile regulation of camellia oilseeds under insect and heat stress: Insights into functional effects and mechanistic basis

“…The health-related benefits of CO in previous paper are centered on urinary disease ( Prasad, Srilatha, Sailaja, Raju, & Jayasree, 2016 ; Zeng et al, 2020 ), cardiovascular system disease ( Huang et al, 2023 ; H. Shi, Zhou, He, Wang, & Zhou, 2022 ), nervous system disease ( Guo et al, 2022 ; Weng, Chen, Li, & Yen, 2020 ) and digestive system disease ( Cheng et al, 2014 ; Lee, Tung, Wu, Tu, & Yen, 2018 ; Wang, Tung, Chen, Lee, & Yen, 2019 ) ( Fig. 5 A).…”

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Fig. 5 (A) The main systemic diseases associated with CO. [1] ( Zeng et al, 2020 ), [2] ( Prasad et al, 2016 ), [3] ( Guo et al, 2022 ), [4] ( Weng et al, 2020 ), [5] (H. Shi et al, 2022 ), [6] ( Huang et al, 2023 ), [7] ( Cheng et al, 2014 ), [8] ( Wang et al, 2019 ), [9] ( Lee et al, 2018 ). (B) Pharmacological maps of the network related to differential AIs under insect stress.

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Black tea and curcumin synergistically mitigate the hepatotoxicity and nephropathic changes induced by chronic exposure to aflatoxin‐B1 in Sprague–Dawley rats

“…Several plant species have medicinal value with great antioxidant potency (Krishnaiah, Sarbatly, & Nithyanandam, 2011), like black tea (BTE) (Łuczaj & Skrzydlewska, 2005) and curcumin (CMN) (Zhang et al., 2016). BTE derived from Camellia sinensis , was used as antioxidant (Raihan et al., 2009) for its polyphenols constituents (Jha, Krithika, Manjeet, & Verma, 2013), it was found to reduce the thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) elevated in AFB1‐renal intoxication (Choudhary & Verma, 2006), and also normalize the elevated creatinine, urea, and uric acid in blood as a result of other toxic factors like lindane (Prasad, Srilatha, Sailaja, Raju, & Jayasree, 2016). Furthermore, CMN is the major component of turmeric (Menon & Sudheer, 2007), it is derived from Curcuma longa Linn (Zingiberaceae family) rhizomes, and used as antimutagenic, anti‐inflammatory, anticancer, and antioxidant (Duvoix et al., 2005; Zhang et al., 2016).…”