Amelioration of Early Radiation Effects in Oral Mucosa (Mouse) by Intravenous or Subcutaneous Administration of Amifostine

G, Fleischer; Dörr, Wolfgang

doi:10.1007/s00066-006-1587-8

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Skin is the most commonly affected organ in radiation recall reactions [9,11,13]. Whereas radiation-induced lung reactions have been examined in detail [5,8], the pathophysiological mechanism of radiation recall itself is unknown. Prior tissue injury presumably plays a role, which can lead to changes in epithelial stem cells with altered expression and activity of various proteins [9,12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiation Recall Pneumonitis Induced by Gemcitabine

et al. 2007

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiation Recall Pneumonitis Induced by Gemcitabine

et al. 2007

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“…increases in Gramnegative bacteria, particularly Enterobacteriaceae). 6 This mucositis, akin to that of the bowel, is difficult to manage specifically. Benzydamine hydrochloride mouth rinse or spray may provide symptomatic relief, but effective analgesia often requires opioids.…”

Section: Oral Ulcers Of Traumatic (Physical and Chemical) Etiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ulcerative Lesions of the Mouth: An Update for the General Medical Practitioner

Leão

Gomes

Porter

2007

Clinics

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Leão JC, Gomes VB, Porter S. Ulcerative lesions of the mouth: an update for the general medical practitioner. Clinics. 2007;62(6):769-80.Oral ulceration is a common complaint of patients attending out-patient clinics. Because of the diversity in causes of oral ulceration, patients presenting with oral mucosal disease can be challenging to diagnose and manage. Patients with signs or symptoms of oral ulcers are sometimes referred to gastroenterology clinics; however, in most instances the ulcers do not result from gastrointestinal disease. The aim of the present article is to review aspects of the etiology, diagnosis and management of common ulcerative disorders of the oral mucosa. A search in the National Library of Medicine computerized bibliographic database MEDLINE was performed. Selection of publications, extraction of data, and validity assessment were then performed by the authors. Based upon the searched literature, it is concluded that there are several systemic disorders that can present with similar clinical signs and symptoms, and knowledge of each disease is necessary for the clinician to provide proper management.

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“…No medication is approved for the prevention of oral mucositis associated with radiotherapy. Experimental therapies have been investigated, including epidermal growth factor (Sonis et al, 1992;Ryu et al, 2010), keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) (Dorr et al, 2005a,b;Kilic et al, 2007), amifostine (Cassatt et al, 2002;Cassatt et al, 2003;Fleischer and Dörr, 2006), and so on. Of these therapies, palifermin, a recombinant human KGF (rhKGF), demonstrates constant preventive effects in models of irradiation-induced oral mucositis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishment of an X-ray Irradiation-Induced Glossitis Model in Rats: Biphasic Elevation of Proinflammatory Cytokines and Chemokines

Nakashima¹,

Uematsu²,

Shibamori³

et al. 2013

J Pharmacol Exp Ther

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Oral mucositis is a frequent and serious side effect in patients who receive radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. The purpose of this study was to develop a noninvasive and quantitative model of oral mucositis in rats, investigate the pathophysiology, and evaluate the efficacy of pharmacological interventions. Rats received a single dose of 15 Gy of X-rays to the snout after shielding of the remainder of the rat body with lead plates to protect the body from irradiation (day 0). After irradiation, the macroscopic area of tongue injury gradually increased. The total area of injury and the ulcer-like area reached a maximum on day 7 and then gradually decreased until disappearance on day 28. Expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines occurred transiently within 1-4 hours after irradiation and returned to a normal level at 24 hours. This expression was again observed from days 3 to 5 and increased significantly on day 7, which approximately coincided with the histologic severity of tissue damage. Subcutaneous administration of palifermin at 3 mg/kg per day for 3 consecutive days before irradiation completely prevented ulcer formation in this model. In conclusion, we established a novel model of glossitis in rats, induced by X-ray irradiation, in which biphasic elevations of expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines could be monitored. This model is considered useful to investigate the pathophysiology of oral mucositis and evaluate the preventive effect of pharmacological interventions on oral mucositis induced by X-ray irradiation.

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Amelioration of Early Radiation Effects in Oral Mucosa (Mouse) by Intravenous or Subcutaneous Administration of Amifostine

Abstract: Amifostine during daily fractionated irradiation is effective only if administered in the initial treatment phase, i.e., week 1 in the mouse. The differences in the effect in weeks 1 and 2 suggest mechanisms of action other than radical scavenging.

Cited by 16 publications

References 29 publications

Radiation Recall Pneumonitis Induced by Gemcitabine

Radiation Recall Pneumonitis Induced by Gemcitabine

Ulcerative Lesions of the Mouth: An Update for the General Medical Practitioner

Establishment of an X-ray Irradiation-Induced Glossitis Model in Rats: Biphasic Elevation of Proinflammatory Cytokines and Chemokines

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