Ameliorants and salt tolerant varieties improve rice-wheat production in soils undergoing sodification with alkali water irrigation in Indo–Gangetic Plains of India

Sheoran, Parvender; Basak, Nirmalendu; Kumar, Ashwani; Yadav, Rajender Kumar; Singh, Randhir; Sharma, Raman; Kumar, Satyendra; Singh, Ranjay K.; Sharma, Parbodh Chander

doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2020.106492

Cited by 51 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Flag leaves were used for taking different observations at reproductive stage after seeing the visible effect of stresses (tip burning/yellowing of leaves). Relative water content (RWC) depicts the level of cellular and tissue hydration, important for the physiological plant metabolism and explains how plants control or maintain the hydration of cells up to an optimal level under stress conditions ( Pooja et al, 2019 , Sheoran et al, 2021 ). In the present study, root RWC was not much affected at moderate stress conditions of EC iw – 6 dS m −1 but further increase in stress level caused increase in water content and genotypes MACS 3949, MACS 4028, KRL 3–4 and HD 4730 showed more than 25 per cent increase in root RWC ( Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Photosynthesis, as one of the most important physiological processes, provides 90% of the plant dry matter ( Steduto et al, 2000 , Sheoran et al, 2021 ). Photosynthetic pigments particularly chlorophyll allows plants to absorb energy from light and acts as a key factor or an indicator of the photosynthetic capacity of plants ( Taiz and Zeiger, 2006 , Kumar et al, 2016a ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of saline irrigation on plant water traits, photosynthesis and ionic balance in durum wheat genotypes

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Sehrawat

Kumar

et al. 2021

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences

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In the era of climate change, decreased precipitation and increased evapo-transpiration hampers the yield of several cereal crops along with the soil salinity and poor ground water resource. Wheat being the moderately tolerant crop face many challenges in the arid and semi-arid regions under irrigated agriculture. In view of this, the study was planned to explore the potential of durum wheat genotypes under salinity on the basis of physiological traits. Experiment was designed as RBD in three replications to evaluate 15 wheat genotypes with moderate saline irrigation (EC iw – 6 dS m −1 ) and extreme saline irrigation (EC iw – 10 dS m −1 ) along with one set of control (Best available water). Different physiological traits such as water potential (ψ p ), osmotic potential (ψ s ), relative water content (RWC), Na + and K + content were recorded in roots as well as shoots at the reproductive stage whereas photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content were measured in the flag leaves. A significant variability (p < 0.001) was noted among the genotypes under different stress environments and it was observed that durum genotype HI 8728 and HI 8737 showed less reduction in plant water traits (RWC, ψ p and ψ s ) than the salinity tolerant checks of bread wheat KRL 99 and KRL 3–4. HD 4728 and HI 8708 maintained higher photosynthetic rate as well as higher chlorophyll content under the extreme salinity level of EC iw – 10 dSm −1 . No significant differences were found in root Na + in genotypes KRL 99 (3.17 g ), KRL 3–4 (3.34 g ) and HI 8737 (3.41 g ) while in shoots, lowest accumulation was seen in KRL 99, MACS 3949 and KRL 3–4 at EC iw – 10 dSm −1 . The mean range of K + content was 7.60–9.74% in roots and 4.21–6.61% in shoots under control environment which decreased to 50.77% in roots and 46.05% in shoots under extreme salinity condition of EC iw – 10 dSm −1 . At EC iw – 10 dSm −1 , KRL 99 maintained highest K +/ Na + in both root and shoot followed by KRL 3–4, HI 8737, MACS 3949, HD 4728 in roots and MACS 3949, KRL 3–4, MACS 4020, HD 4758, MACS 3972 and HI 8713 in shoots. The differential response of durum wheat genotypes under salinity particularly for physiological traits, confer their adaptability towards stress environments and exhibit their potential as genetic sources in breeding programs for improving salt stress tolerance.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of saline irrigation on plant water traits, photosynthesis and ionic balance in durum wheat genotypes

Soni

Sehrawat

Kumar

et al. 2021

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences

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“…The intergenic variations for salt tolerance within crops and/or plant species is the key to ensure future agricultural growth and economic development in salt-affected regions [11,37]. Plants tend to overcome sodicity-induced injury through certain morphological and anatomical adjustments [38], reduced uptake of toxic Na + ions [39], and by regulating organic osmolytes like proline [40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Irrigation-induced sodicity in soils is a major environmental constraint adversely affecting agricultural sustainability in water guzzling rice-wheat system [10,11]. Indiscriminate use of sodic water containing high proportions of sodium (Na + ) and a predominance of carbonates (CO 3 2-) and bicarbonates (HCO 3 -) results in dispersion of clay particles [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another strategy could be appropriate selection of crops, cropping pattern and varieties having better tolerance to the ambient or predicted level of soil sodicity [9,21]. Genetic variability for salt tolerance within a crop and/or plant species offers an opportunity to improve morpho-physiological adaptation and harvest reasonable yields under stress conditions [11,22]. This plant-assisted reclamation approach is perceived to be more realistic and economically sustainable; further reducing dependence on costlier ameliorants, and associated drainage problems and environmental footprints [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantitative Dissection of Salt Tolerance for Sustainable Wheat Production in Sodic Agro-Ecosystems through Farmers’ Participatory Approach: An Indian Experience

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To explore the comparative effects of field sodicity (soil pH) and irrigation water residual alkalinity (RSCiw) on physiological and biochemical attributes of salt tolerance, and crop performance of two wheat varieties (KRL 210, HD 2967), a total of 308 on-farm trials were carried out in sodicity affected Ghaghar Basin of Haryana, India. Salt tolerant variety KRL 210 maintained relatively higher leaf relative water content (RWC; 1.9%), photosynthetic rate (Pn; 5.1%), stomatal conductance (gS; 6.6%), and transpiration (E; 4.1%) with lower membrane injury (MII; −8.5%), and better control on accumulation of free proline (P; −18.4%), Na+/K+ in shoot (NaK_S; −23.1%) and root (NaK_R; −18.7%) portion compared to traditional HD 2967. Altered physiological response suppressed important yield-related traits revealing repressive effects of sodicity stress on wheat yields; albeit to a lesser extent in KRL 210 with each gradual increase in soil pH (0.77–1.10 t ha−1) and RSCiw (0.29–0.33 t ha−1). HD 2967 significantly outyielded KRL 210 only at soil pH ≤ 8.2 and RSCiw ≤ 2.5 me L−1. By comparisons, substantial improvements in salt tolerance potential of KRL 210 with increasing sodicity stress compensated in attaining significantly higher yields as and when soil pH becomes >8.7 and RSCiw > 4 me L−1. Designing such variety-oriented threshold limits of sodicity tolerance in wheat will help address the challenge to enhance crop resilience, closing the yield gaps and improve rural livelihood under the existing or predicted levels of salt stress.

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Pressmud alleviates soil sodicity stress in a rice–wheat rotation: Effects on soil properties, physiological adaptation and yield‐related traits

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We assessed the improvement potential of pressmuda sugar industry wasteon soil properties, physiological adaptation and yield-related traits in a rice-wheat rotation in sodicity-affected Ghaghar basin of Haryana, India. Large-scale (0.2-0.4 ha) participatory trials comprising two treatments, with (+PM) and without (-PM) pressmud, were conducted on 125 farmers' fields covering non-sodic (NS), slightly sodic (SS) and moderately sodic (MS) soils. Pressmud application (10 Mg ha −1 ) led to appreciable reductions in soil pH (1.6-3.6%) and exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP; 10.4-20.1%) with concomitant improvements in plant physiological and yield-related traits across different soil alkali classes, albeit to a greater extent in SS and MS soils than in NS soils. Compared to prevailing farmers' practices (-PM), transformative improvements in mean leaf relative water content (RWC) (4 and 7%), membrane injury (MII) (−12 and −14%), photosynthetic rate (Pn) (21 and 25%), stomatal conductance (gS) (26 and 21%), transpiration rate (E) (38 and 22%), proline (P) (−19 and −20%) and Na + /K + accumulation in shoot (NaK_S) (−24 and −22%) and root (NaK_R) (−23 and −27%) were observed in both rice and wheat grown under PM ameliorated soils. On an average, rice and wheat yields were increased by 15.8 and 14.6% in SS and 18.9 and 16.7% in MS soils, respectively, with pressmud application. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) showed significant correlations among highly weighted variables including physiological and yield-related traits to influence the rice-wheat productivity with PM addition in SS and MS soils. Sustained use of this organic waste in agricultural lands seems to be an affordable solution for overcoming sodicityinduced land degradation, and achieving developmental goals of environmental and livelihood security.

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Ameliorants and salt tolerant varieties improve rice-wheat production in soils undergoing sodification with alkali water irrigation in Indo–Gangetic Plains of India

Cited by 51 publications

References 40 publications

Effect of saline irrigation on plant water traits, photosynthesis and ionic balance in durum wheat genotypes

Effect of saline irrigation on plant water traits, photosynthesis and ionic balance in durum wheat genotypes

Quantitative Dissection of Salt Tolerance for Sustainable Wheat Production in Sodic Agro-Ecosystems through Farmers’ Participatory Approach: An Indian Experience

Pressmud alleviates soil sodicity stress in a rice–wheat rotation: Effects on soil properties, physiological adaptation and yield‐related traits

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