Amebiasis in Japanese Homosexual Men with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection.

Mitarai, Satoshi; Nagai, Hirokazu; Satoh, Kohji; Hebisawa, Akira; Shishido, Harumi

doi:10.2169/internalmedicine.40.671

Cited by 21 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…7 Additional anecdotal cases have been described both in Europe and Asia. [14][15][16] At present, the possible implications determined by simultaneous presence of HIV have not yet been clarified.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amoebic Hepatic Abscesses in an HIV-Positive Patient

Brindicci

Picciarelli

Fumarola

et al. 2006

AIDS Patient Care and STDs

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Herein we report the case of hepatic amoebic abscesses in an HIV-positive Italian seaman with a history of promiscuous heterosexual intercourse. In October 2004, the patient was hospitalized because of fever and recurring abdominal pain. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed six hepatic hypoechoid oval lesions with hyperechoid margins. Stool samples were negative for parasites and bacteria, and serology for Entamoeba histolytica was also negative. Therapy with meropenem plus levofloxacin was initiated. After a partial resolution of clinical symptoms and reduction of three hepatic lesions, the patient was again hospitalized in December 2004, because of recurring intense pain at the right hypochondrium and fever. At this time, one hepatic lesion at the sixth segment was enlarged, two lesions were unchanged, and the remaining three smaller abscesses were resolved. Serum antibodies for E. histolytica and amoebic antigens on the largest abscess drainage were positive; moreover, E. histolytica was also identified on drainage fluid with polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Therapy with metronidazole followed by paromomycin improved both symptoms and radiographic images. This case report suggests that in HIV-infected patients, invasive amoebiasis should be considered and atypical aspects, such as multiple hepatic lesions, delayed positivity of serology for E. histolytica, and possible bacterial superinfection should be evaluated.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amoebic Hepatic Abscesses in an HIV-Positive Patient

Brindicci

Picciarelli

Fumarola

et al. 2006

AIDS Patient Care and STDs

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“…In the past year there were several published studies of amebiasis in HIV-infected individuals [14][15][16][17]. Japanese men who have sex with men have previously been observed to have a high prevalence of antiamebic antibodies indicative of prior E. histolytica infection.…”

Section: Amebiasis In the Hiv-infected Patientmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Japanese men who have sex with men have previously been observed to have a high prevalence of antiamebic antibodies indicative of prior E. histolytica infection. Mitarai et al [15] reported six cases of amebiasis in HIV-infected men from Japan. Remarkably, five of the six cases were initially misdiagnosed and treatment delayed.…”

Section: Amebiasis In the Hiv-infected Patientmentioning

confidence: 99%

Entamoeba histolytica: Clinical update and vaccine prospects

Petri

2002

Curr Infect Dis Rep

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Amebiasis is extraordinarily common in children of the developing world. This realization has come from application of diagnostic techniques that distinguish the nonpathogenic parasite Entamoeba dispar from Entamoeba histolytica. E. histolytica infection is found in children with dysentery, diarrhea, and in many cases in children with no gastrointestinal symptoms. Genetically distinct strains of E. histolytica exist but evidence is too preliminary to judge if some strains are more virulent than others. A provocative study from Tanzania has shown that pregnant women with HIV infection who are coinfected with E. histolytica are at greater risk of delivering a low birth weight infant. Perhaps the most exciting new data is the identification of acquired immunity to recurrent E. histolytica infection. Acquired immunity is linked to a mucosal immune response against a major virulence factor of the parasite, a Gal/GalNAc lectin responsible for adherence and killing of the host. Prospects for a vaccine are thus brightening at the same time that the true burden of disease is comprehended.

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“…Homosexual behavior is another important risk factor for amebiasis as well as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Although amebiasis in homosexual men in the United States is predominantly caused by asymptomatic E. dispar infection rather than by E. histolytica infection (3), E. histolytica infection is more frequently seen in homosexual men in East Asian countries such as Taiwan, Korea, and Japan (4)(5)(6)(7)(8). It was reported that 13.4-20.4% of Japanese homosexual men test positive for amebic antibodies, according to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); this is surprising considering that the hygiene status of the country is rather high (9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fulminant Amebic Colitis in an HIV-infected Homosexual Man

2011

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We present a case of fulminant amebic colitis in a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected homosexual man. The patient developed colonic perforation over a short time despite empirical therapy with metronidazole, and underwent right hemicolectomy. Amebic colitis was pathologically diagnosed by identifying invasive trophozoites of Entamoeba in a surgical specimen. Amebic colitis is one of the important differential diagnoses of acute abdomen in HIV-infected patients and/or homosexual men, especially in East Asia. Although fulminant amebic colitis is a rare manifestation of amebiasis, early diagnosis and treatment are thought to be important to improve the outcome of this highly fatal complication.

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Amebiasis in Japanese Homosexual Men with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection.

Cited by 21 publications

References 13 publications

Amoebic Hepatic Abscesses in an HIV-Positive Patient

Amoebic Hepatic Abscesses in an HIV-Positive Patient

Entamoeba histolytica: Clinical update and vaccine prospects

Fulminant Amebic Colitis in an HIV-infected Homosexual Man

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