Amebiasis

Haque, Rashidul; Huston, Christopher D.; Hughes, Molly A.; Houpt, Eric R.; Petri, William A.

doi:10.1056/nejmra022710

Cited by 802 publications

(662 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Although its distribution is worldwide, it occurs mainly in areas of Central and South America, Africa, and the Indian subcontinent (149). Infection may be asymptomatic but can also cause dysentery and extraintestinal disease, characteristically with the formation of hepatic abscesses (156).…”

Section: Other Parasitic Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the acute phase of the infection, these tests may have a sensitivity of 70% in the case of amebic colitis, between 70 and 80% in the case of hepatic amebic abscesses, and greater than 90% in VOL. 21,2008 TRANSMISSION OF INFECTIONS DURING SOLID-ORGAN TRANSPLANT 83 the convalescent period (156). However, the test may remain positive for years and does not allow discrimination between current and past infections.…”

Section: Other Parasitic Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transmission of Tropical and Geographically Restricted Infections during Solid-Organ Transplantation

et al. 2008

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SUMMARY In recent years, the increasing number of donors from different regions of the world is providing a new challenge for the management and selection of suitable donors. This is a worldwide problem in most countries with transplantation programs, especially due to the increase in immigration and international travel. This paper elaborates recommendations regarding the selection criteria for donors from foreign countries who could potentially transmit tropical or geographically restricted infections to solid-organ transplant recipients. For this purpose, an extensive review of the medical literature focusing on viral, fungal, and parasitic infections that could be transmitted during transplantation from donors who have lived or traveled in countries where these infections are endemic has been performed, with special emphasis on tropical and imported infections. The review also includes cases described in the literature as well as risks of transmission during transplantation, microbiological tests available, and recommendations for each infection. A table listing different infectious agents with their geographic distributions and specific recommendations is included.

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Section: Other Parasitic Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Other Parasitic Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission of Tropical and Geographically Restricted Infections during Solid-Organ Transplantation

et al. 2008

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“…This results in characteristic flask-shaped lesions within the enteric tissue. In a few cases, the amoebae progress through host tissues and into the bloodstream, enabling them to invade other organs (principally the liver, but also the brain and lungs) and form potentially lethal amebic abscesses (Haque et al 2003).…”

Section: Entamoeba Histolyticamentioning

confidence: 99%

Intriguing parasites and intramembrane proteases: Figure 1.

Rawson

2008

Genes Dev.

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Rhomboid intramembrane proteases occur throughout the kingdoms of life. In this issue of Genes & Development, Baxt and colleagues (pp. 1636-1646) report that the single proteolytic rhomboid (EhROM1) from Entamoeba histolytica cleaves cell surface galactose-binding or N-acetylgalactosamine-binding (Gal/Gal-NAc) lectins. EhROM1 and lectins colocalize during phagocytosis and receptor capping. EhROM1 is found at the base of the cap rather than in the cap proper, suggesting a role in receptor shedding and implying that EhROM1 is crucial for amoebal infection.Parasitic protists are fascinating organisms in their own right, with their typically complex life cycles, distinctive physiologies, and uncertain relationships. They are of immense practical interest as well; parasitic infections account for an enormous proportion of the disease burden on the human population worldwide. The debilitating and often lethal parasitic diseases remain among the most intractable infections and result in between 1.5 and 3 million deaths annually. The enormous costs resulting from lost productivity and caring for the millions who suffer from parasitic disease represent significant hurdles to economic development throughout the world, and these burdens tend to be the highest where the resources to bear them are the least. Advances in our understanding of parasites, such as how they initiate and maintain infections, therefore, have significant potential to improve human health and well-being worldwide.Among parasitic diseases, amoebiasis ranks second only to malaria in global morbidity, affecting vast numbers of people worldwide and killing some 100,000 annually (World Health Organization 1997). The causative agent of human amoebiasis, Entamoeba histolytica, faces many of the same challenges faced by other parasites when establishing infection. Baxt et al. (2008) detail the role of the single rhomboid intramembrane protease from E. histolytica in crucial parasite processes: phagocytosis and immune evasion. The parasitic lifestyleParasitism poses common challenges to the diverse organisms that practice it. Parasites must first locate and enter a host. Next, in many cases, host tissues or cells must be invaded, requiring some means of attachment and introgression. The successful parasite usually establishes a long-term infection, and this potentially affords the host ample time to mount a vigorous immune response to the invader. In order to survive and reproduce while "dining at another's table," the parasite must somehow manage to evade host immune defenses that may act at several stages of the infection cycle. Broadly, extracellular parasites are subject to the humoral response, while intracellular stages are the target of cellular immunity. Invasion and evasionStrategies for evading the host immune response are as complex and varied as the parasites that use them, and most parasites use several different strategies in the course of infection. Parasites may engage various responses to the host immune system (Zambrano-Villa et al. 2002). So...

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“…Ubiquitin monomers can be added directly to surface lysines on substrate proteins, or can instead be linked into polyubiquitin chains, utilizing any of the seven lysines on the surface of ubiquitin, although some polyubiquitin linkages are more frequently utilized than others (9). The single-celled intestinal parasite Entamoeba histolytica is the causative agent of amoebic colitis and systemic amoebiasis, with the latter characterized by cysts in liver, lungs, and brain (10). Spread in an encysted form, E. histolytica infection is endemic in developing countries with poor barriers between sewage and drinking water (11).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Determinants of Ubiquitin Conjugation in Entamoeba histolytica

Bosch

Siderovski

2013

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Background: Ubiquitination plays critical roles in many cellular processes. Results: The Entamoeba histolytica ubiquitin activating, conjugating, and ligating enzymes interact and transfer ubiquitin. Conclusion: E. histolytica possesses a functional ubiquitination cascade with key differences from mammalian homologs. Significance: The E. histolytica ubiquitin-proteasome pathway may provide therapeutic targets for amoebic colitis and amoebiasis.

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Amebiasis

Cited by 802 publications

References 47 publications

Transmission of Tropical and Geographically Restricted Infections during Solid-Organ Transplantation

Transmission of Tropical and Geographically Restricted Infections during Solid-Organ Transplantation

Intriguing parasites and intramembrane proteases: Figure 1.

Structural Determinants of Ubiquitin Conjugation in Entamoeba histolytica

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