Ambulance personnel and critical incidents

Alexander, David; Klein, Susan

doi:10.1192/bjp.178.1.76

Cited by 413 publications

(172 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…These stressors can have long-term psychophysical and behavioural effects on the health of firefighters, for example, anxiety and depression (Brough 2004); burnout (Prati et al 2011;Vaulerin et al 2016); emotional exhaustion (Smith et al 2003); depersonalisation (Alexander and Klien 2001); and post-traumatic stress disorder (McFarlane and Bryant 2007).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Interview Study of the Experiences of Firefighters in Regard to Psychological Contract and Stressors

Duran

Woodhams

Bishopp

2018

Employ Respons Rights J

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As the first qualitative study of its kind, this study explored firefighters' beliefs and experiences about the psychological contract between themselves as employees and their employer, workplace stress, stress-management strategies, and their wellbeing. Eleven interviews were conducted with active firefighters from multiple fire stations in the UK. The interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. The transcripts were analysed using framework analysis. Five superordinate themes were identified and labelled as 'Motives', 'Mutual obligations', 'Stressors and their effects', 'Moderators', and 'Retention factors', each of which contained lower level sub-themes. Psychological contract (PC) is a useful construct to measure firefighters' perceived obligations as their responses reflected multiple facets of PC theory. The current climate of austerity measures appears to be negatively impacting on firefighters in terms of reducing numbers and placing higher task demands on those remaining. Thus, making it very difficult for the UK Fire and Rescue Service (UKFRS) to meet the perceived obligations of their employees. The findings have implications for human resource departments within UKFRS trying to manage the impact of funding cuts and they highlight the potential value of the PC as a construct around which such issues can be explored.

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An Interview Study of the Experiences of Firefighters in Regard to Psychological Contract and Stressors

Duran

Woodhams

Bishopp

2018

Employ Respons Rights J

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“…In a recent study among Swedish healthcare personnel, about 30% scored high in EE, and about 14% scored high in DP (Åhlin, Ericson-Lidman, Norberg, & Strandberg, 2015). Among ambulance service personnel in Scotland, 25% scored high in EE (Alexander & Klein, 2001). The levels of both EE and DP in our study were also lower than in a similar study among police personnel in Sweden, where 28% of the personnel reported high scores in EE and 56% of the personnel reported high scores in DP (Backteman-Erlanson et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Burnout and Association with Psychosocial Work Environment among Swedish Firefighters

Jacobsson¹,

Backteman-Erlandson²,

Padyab³

et al. 2016

GJHS

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Firefighters are exposed to traumatic and stressful psychosocial and physical strain in their work, and thus they are considered to be a group at high risk of burnout. The aim of this study was to investigate burnout (emotional exhaustion (EE) and depersonalization (DP) among Swedish female and male firefighters and to examine the gender-stratified relationship between psychosocial work environment and burnout when considering the moderating effect of coping strategies among Swedish firefighters. The overall mean values of both EE and DP were notably low in comparison with the general population in Sweden. We found that psychosocial work environment factors increase the risk of burnout among male firefighters. Among men, EE was associated with high demands and lack of social support in work. The association was also confirmed with DP as the outcome and lack of good leadership as the exposure among men. However, among female firefighters the association between psychosocial work environment factors and burnout failed to appear. Among women, EE and DP were only associated with the coping strategy Psychological distancing (PDi). A negative association with DP and the coping strategy Positive Reappraisal (PRe) was also found among women. Regardless of the result from the regression analyses, we must consider that the majority of the female and male firefighters in our study had low scores on the outcome variables EE and DP. Future studies should explore female and male firefighters' context and possible health-protecting environment.

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“…Yet the results from the unconditional growth model showed that the mean hardiness score at the start of the training program was 1.57 (see Model 2 in Table 1 The question of whether hardiness can be developed or is a more enduring and stable personality style is not only of theoretical interest, but could be of great practical importance as well. A multitude of studies have shown that hardiness represents an important quality in individuals' mastering of challenging crisis situations (Alexander & Klein, 2001;Andrew et al, 2008;Bartone et al, 1989). This is particularly important for officers who have leadership responsibilities in combat, where their decisions and actions may represent a matter of life or death for people involved.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Stability of Psychological Hardiness: A Three-Year Longitudinal Study

Hystad

Olsen²,

Espevik³

et al. 2015

Military Psychology

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This file was dowloaded from the institutional repository Brage NIH -brage.bibsys.no/nih Hystad, S. W., Olsen, O. K., Espevik, R., Säfvenbom, R. (2015). On the stability of psychological hardiness: a three-year longitudinal study.Military Psychology, 27,[155][156][157][158][159][160][161][162][163][164][165][166][167][168].Dette er siste tekst-versjon av artikkelen, og den kan inneholde små forskjeller fra forlagets pdf-versjon. Forlagets pdf-versjon finner du på www.apa.org: http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/mil0000069This is the final text version of the article, and it may contain minor differences from the journal's pdf version. (2004) found that officers who were low in hardiness made more erroneous decisions compared with officers high on hardiness during simulated incidents. In military groups, hardiness has been identified as significant moderator of combat-exposure stress (Bartone, 1999(Bartone, , 2000, as well as leader performance (Bartone, Eid, Johnsen, Laberg, & Snook, 2009 Hardiness DevelopmentHardiness training programs have varied in complexity from relatively simple self-paced learning modules to more elaborate approaches that also include teachings on additional factors that can influence healthy and unhealthy reactions to stress. In one of the earliest reported efforts, In sum, there seems to be some empirical evidence suggesting that hardiness may be malleable to the effects of training initiatives. Many studies, however, are somewhat limited in 6 that they have utilized a relatively short time-frame with minimal post-intervention follow-up (for a more complete review, see . Using a short timeframe raises the possibility that some of the increases are learning effects due to test familiarization. In the study by Tierny and Lavelle (1997), for instance, levels of hardiness increased immediately following completion of the training, but returned to baseline levels six months later. Bartone and Hystad (2010) suggest that to create lasting effects, hardiness training may need to include regular follow-ups and re-training over an extended period of time. To the best of our knowledge, no studies so far have longitudinally investigated how individual levels of hardiness are influenced by long-term training interventions. Hardiness Development and Military ExperienceBased on the discussion so far, the aim of this study was to longitudinally examine the showed that individual hardiness levels increased following completion of the training course.

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Ambulance personnel and critical incidents

Abstract: The mental health and emotional well-being of ambulance personnel appear to be compromised by accident and emergency work.

Cited by 413 publications

References 26 publications

An Interview Study of the Experiences of Firefighters in Regard to Psychological Contract and Stressors

An Interview Study of the Experiences of Firefighters in Regard to Psychological Contract and Stressors

Burnout and Association with Psychosocial Work Environment among Swedish Firefighters

On the Stability of Psychological Hardiness: A Three-Year Longitudinal Study

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