The 4th ASM Conference on Cell-Cell Communication in Bacteria was held in Miami, FL, from 6 to 9 November 2011. This review highlights three key themes that emerged from the many exciting talks and poster presentations in the area of quorum sensing: sociomicrobiology, signal transduction mechanisms, and interspecies communication.
We as humans can learn a lot from our microbial neighbors, who have developed the capacity to work together for the common good through regulatory processes such as quorum sensing (QS). This mechanism of cell-cell communication enables the coordinated expression of a number of "public goods" whose production benefits the population as a whole. At the 4th American Society for Microbiology (ASM) Conference on Cell-Cell Communication in Bacteria (CCCB), held 6 to 9 November 2011 in Miami, FL, researchers from around the globe came to share their latest findings and insights to help further advance the field. The conference was attended by over 175 scientists, from junior to senior ranks, presenting 44 talks and 99 posters. Three broad themes emerged from the conference. First, the concept of sociomicrobiology was emphasized, building from the keynote address given by E. Peter Greenberg. This includes the idea that even in the microbial world, there are some individuals that are cooperative and altruistic while others exhibit detrimental behaviors and cheat. Second, new discoveries about the diverse array of signaling molecules, the receptors for these ligands, and ways to disrupt the signaling pathway were highlighted. This included discussion of some novel technologies for studying microbial signaling processes. Third, our growing understanding of the complexities of interspecies and interkingdom signaling was discussed in the context of both symbiotic and pathogenic relationships involving animals, plants, and microbes. Here we offer a brief synopsis of these three key themes of the conference.
PART 1. SOCIOMICROBIOLOGYDuring more than 40 years of research in QS, much has been learned about its mechanistic basis, the individual parts, and their regulatory relationships, but comparatively little is known about its evolutionary and ecological context. Why and under what circumstances is QS an evolutionarily stable strategy, and what is its role under ecologically relevant conditions? A session dedicated to ecology and evolution provided answers to some of these questions. A related session on bacterial development and antibiotic signaling provided insight into the effects of QS on population fitness in well-described microbial model systems.(i) Conceptual framework. Andy Gardner from the University of Oxford, United Kingdom (A. Gardner, CCCB-11, abstr. S7:1), opened the evolution and ecology session with a broad introduction to evolutionary theory and social adaptation (22). He began with basic considerations on "design" by William Paley (British philosopher, 1743 to 1805), who focused on the differences between a rock and a watch. Paley argued that living organisms are more similar to wa...