Ambrosia Beetle (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Responses to Volatile Emissions Associated With Ethanol-Injected<i>Magnolia virginiana</i>

Ranger, Christopher M.; Reding, Michael E.; Schultz, Peter B.; Oliver, Jason B.

doi:10.1603/en11299

Cited by 42 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Ethanol is emitted from stressed and dying hosts and is also the most attractive semiochemical known for X germanus and X crassiusculus (Montgomery and Wargo 1983;Kelsey 2001;Ranger et al 2010Ranger et al , 2011aRanger et al , 2012Ranger et al , 2013). An efÞcient olfactory mechanism aids X germanus and X crassiusculus in distinguishing among host qualities and locating trees emitting ethanol and other semiochemicals, but neighboring trees not emitting ethanol generally are not attacked (Weber and McPherson 1984;Ranger et al 2010Ranger et al , 2012Ranger et al , 2013P.B.S., unpublished data).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…An efÞcient olfactory mechanism aids X germanus and X crassiusculus in distinguishing among host qualities and locating trees emitting ethanol and other semiochemicals, but neighboring trees not emitting ethanol generally are not attacked (Weber and McPherson 1984;Ranger et al 2010Ranger et al , 2012Ranger et al , 2013P.B.S., unpublished data). Stem injection of ethanol into living trees induces attacks on speciÞc trees by X germanus, X crassiusculus, and other ambrosia beetles, but neighboring noninjected or water-injected trees usually are not colonized (Ranger et al , 2012Frank and Sadof 2011;Reding et al 2013).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Interruption of the Semiochemical-Based Attraction of Ambrosia Beetles to Ethanol-Baited Traps and Ethanol-Injected Trap Trees by Verbenone

et al. 2013

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We examined the extent to which verbenone, a bark beetle antiaggregation pheromone, interrupted the semiochemical-based attraction of ambrosia beetles. Field trapping studies conducted in Ohio showed that a verbenone dispenser with a release rate of 50 mg/d at 25°C reduced the attraction of Anisandrus sayi Hopkins, Euwallacea validus (Eichhoff), Hypothenemus dissimilis (Zimmermann), Xylosandrus germanus (Blandford), and Xyleborinus saxesenii (Ratzeburg) to ethanol-baited traps. A verbenone dispenser attached to ethanol-injected Magnolia virginiana L. trap trees deployed in Ohio also reduced ambrosia beetle attacks compared to trap trees without a verbenone dispenser. Subsequent field trials demonstrated a direct relationship between distance from a verbenone dispenser and ambrosia beetle attacks on trap trees in Ohio in 2011 and 2012 and Tennessee in 2012, but not in Tennessee and Virginia in 2011. Assessment of the influence of verbenone on the probability of attacks above a density threshold found that although attacks occurred on trap trees regardless of their proximity to a verbenone dispenser, the higher density of attacks per tree occurred on trap trees farthest away from the verbenone source in Ohio and Tennessee. Verbenone alone could be somewhat useful for discouraging ambrosia beetle attacks on individual trees or on a small spatial scale, but deployment of verbenone might be most effective when integrated as part of a "push-pull" strategy.

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Interruption of the Semiochemical-Based Attraction of Ambrosia Beetles to Ethanol-Baited Traps and Ethanol-Injected Trap Trees by Verbenone

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“…While an aggregation pheromone was not implemented for red maple trees, various ambrosia beetles (Scolytinae) respond strongly to ETOH injected trees and baited traps [23,27,60]. These species are of particular interest because some are damaging and often carry pathogenic fungi [61].…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Techniques have been developed to artificially inject trees with ethanol to promote ambrosia beetle colonization [23,24]. These techniques have largely been developed to monitor flight and colonization to properly time insecticide applications in nursery stock [23,[25][26][27].…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The first method involved injecting trees with ETOH and was used on both tree species. Ethanol injections have been effective for artificially stressing hardwoods and attracting ambrosia beetles [23,27], but have not been tested for effectiveness in forested settings. The second method used was unique to white pine and involved baiting trees with Ips-specific pheromones with the hope of initiating mass attack by Ips pini and/or Ips grandicollis.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Enhancing Stand Structure through Snag Creation in Northeastern U.S. Forests: Using Ethanol Injections and Bark Beetle Pheromones to Artificially Stress Red Maple and White Pine

Dodds

Hanavan

Wansleben

2016

Forests

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Recent advances toward the sustainable management of invasive Xylosandrus ambrosia beetles

et al. 2021

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We provide an overview of both traditional and innovative control tools for management of three Xylosandrus ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), invasive species with a history of damage in forests, nurseries, orchards and urban areas. Xylosandrus compactus, X. crassiusculus and X. germanus are native to Asia, and currently established in several countries around the globe. Adult females bore galleries into the plant xylem inoculating mutualistic ambrosia fungi that serve as food source for the developing progeny. Tunneling activity results in chewed wood extrusion from entry holes, sap outflow, foliage wilting followed by canopy dieback, and branch and trunk necrosis. Maintaining plant health by reducing physiological stress is the first recommendation for long-term control. Baited traps, ethanol-treated bolts, trap logs and trap trees of selected species can be used to monitor Xylosandrus species. Conventional pest control methods are mostly ineffective against Xylosandrus beetles because of the pests’ broad host range and rapid spread. Due to challenges with conventional control, more innovative control approaches are being tested, such as the optimization of the push–pull strategy based on specific attractant and repellent combinations, or the use of insecticide-treated netting. Biological control based on the release of entomopathogenic and mycoparasitic fungi, as well as the use of antagonistic bacteria, has yielded promising results. However, these technologies still require validation in real field conditions. Overall, we suggest that management efforts should primarily focus on reducing plant stress and potentially be combined with a multi-faceted approach for controlling Xylosandrus damage.

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Ambrosia Beetle (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Responses to Volatile Emissions Associated With Ethanol-InjectedMagnolia virginiana

Cited by 42 publications

References 34 publications

Interruption of the Semiochemical-Based Attraction of Ambrosia Beetles to Ethanol-Baited Traps and Ethanol-Injected Trap Trees by Verbenone

Interruption of the Semiochemical-Based Attraction of Ambrosia Beetles to Ethanol-Baited Traps and Ethanol-Injected Trap Trees by Verbenone

Enhancing Stand Structure through Snag Creation in Northeastern U.S. Forests: Using Ethanol Injections and Bark Beetle Pheromones to Artificially Stress Red Maple and White Pine

Recent advances toward the sustainable management of invasive Xylosandrus ambrosia beetles

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