Ambivalent changes in the correlation of energy consumption and economic growth in the member states of the European Union (2010–2019)

Catch-up growth with alpha and beta decoupling and their relationships between CO2 emissions by GDP, population, energy production, and consumption

“…To tackle the inherent challenge of carbon leakages in national emission inventories, we compute consumption-based CO 2 emissions by tracing various pathways of traded goods and services, thereby collecting emissions levels that occur either directly or indirectly [ 2 , 3 ]. As a result of the escalating climate emergency, the demand for measures to reduce CO emissions from the production and use of fossil fuel energy has increased dramatically [ 4 , 5 ]. In respect of examining the correlation between energy production and consumption during a phase of “catch-up” growth, this study employs alpha and beta decoupling techniques [ [6] , [7] , [8] ].…”

The impact of final demand on energy sectors' interregional output

“…On the other hand, the neutrality hypothesis, which asserts a lack of causal relationship between energy consumption and economic growth, finds evidence in Inal et al's (2022) and László (2023) studies. Inal et al (2022) focused on African oilproducing countries between 1990 and 2014.…”

“…Inal et al (2022) focused on African oilproducing countries between 1990 and 2014. László (2023) examined the European Union member states from 2010 to 2019, concluding the absence of a significant causal link in their respective contexts. Esen & Bayrak (2017) investigated the dynamics between energy consumption and economic growth across various countries, categorized by their income levels.…”