“…For DICL, the proven negative effects include extreme toxicity to vultures [30]; toxicity to phytoplankton [31], river biofilm communities [29], and broilers [35]; damage to the kidneys, liver, gills, testes, brain, and DNA in fish [20,31]; cardiac anomalies and cardiovascular defects in freshwater fish [34]; chronic effects on fish (reduced hatching, delayed hatching, reduced growth in the egg stage); cytological changes and tissue damage in freshwater fish [29]; and impact on the immune system and genotoxic effects [33]. Similarly to IBU, NAP also acts toxically on phytoplankton [31] and causes damage to the kidneys, liver, and gills in freshwater fish [20,31], additionally affecting the growth and photosynthetic processes of plants [32]. KET, like IBU and DICL, causes cardiac anomalies and cardiovascular defects in freshwater fish, affects the immune system, and has genotoxic effects [33,34,36].…”