Ambient vibration and earthquake strong-motion data sets for selected USGS extensively instrumented buildings

Dunand, François; Rodgers, Janise E.; Acosta, A.V.; Salsman, M.J.; Bard, Pierre‐Yves; Çelebi, Mehmet

doi:10.3133/ofr20041375

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Unfortunately, this method of risk assessment is limited by the amount of available data. A preciously small number of instrumented buildings exist that have recorded actual earthquake motions (Dunand et al, 2004), which can be used to verify building response. Wavefield-based seismic analysis of full-scale instrumented structures can yield important information for earthquake engineering: seismic velocity, frequencydependent attenuation, resonant frequencies, and mode shapes (Snieder and Safak, 2006;Kohler et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impulse Response of Civil Structures from Ambient Noise Analysis

Prieto

Lawrence

Chung

et al. 2010

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America

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Increased monitoring of civil structures for response to earthquake motions is fundamental to reducing seismic risk. Seismic monitoring is difficult because typically only a few useful, intermediate to large earthquakes occur per decade near instrumented structures. Here, we demonstrate that the impulse response function (IRF) of a multistory building can be generated from ambient noise. Estimated shearwave velocity, attenuation values, and resonance frequencies from the IRF agree with previous estimates for the instrumented University of California, Los Angeles, Factor building. The accuracy of the approach is demonstrated by predicting the Factor building's response to an M 4.2 earthquake. The methodology described here allows for rapid, noninvasive determination of structural parameters from the IRFs within days and could be used for state-of-health monitoring of civil structures (buildings, bridges, etc.) before and/or after major earthquakes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impulse Response of Civil Structures from Ambient Noise Analysis

Prieto

Lawrence

Chung

et al. 2010

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America

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“…For instance, consider the simple example of a single-story, single bay with length of two times the story height, concrete moment frame with fixed supports, and rigid connections (beams are considered axially rigid with no shear deformation). After careful review of such buildings in the literature, consisting of 18 buildings listed in [12,17,[19][20][21][22][23][24] and another 21 buildings subjected to the 1994 Northridge earthquake and its aftershocks [25,26], the following observations are made: (i) the strong-motion modal frequencies are decreased by a maximum of 30% and 40% of the corresponding values extracted from ambient vibration records for steel and concrete buildings, respectively. Changes in modal characteristics and wandering of natural frequencies were also observed in undamaged structures (with slight or not visible damage) subjected to strong motion [12].…”

Section: Modified Three-dimensional Seismic Assessment Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such modification factors can be derived from data collected in buildings equipped with permanent strong-motion instrumentation where the building has not suffered visible structural damage during the strong base motion. After careful review of such buildings in the literature, consisting of 18 buildings listed in [12,17,[19][20][21][22][23][24] and another 21 buildings subjected to the 1994 Northridge earthquake and its aftershocks [25,26], the following observations are made: (i) the strong-motion modal frequencies are decreased by a maximum of 30% and 40% of the corresponding values extracted from ambient vibration records for steel and concrete buildings, respectively. As for the seismic assessment and earthquake performance based-design, the floor displacements, drift ratios, and subsequent damage are the key elements, and applying these maximum modification factors to the AVT natural frequencies is considered conservative; (ii) the mode shapes are not changed from ambient to strong vibration levels (before the occurrence of damage); (iii) the internal damping ratio for strong-motion response can be as much as two to four times larger than found using ambient measurements.…”

Section: Modified Three-dimensional Seismic Assessment Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modified three‐dimensional seismic assessment method for buildings based on ambient vibration tests: extrapolation to higher shaking levels and measuring the dynamic amplification portion of natural torsion

Mirshafiei

McClure

2016

Earthq Engng Struct Dyn

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Summary This paper presents applications of the modified 3D‐SAM approach, a three‐dimensional seismic assessment methodology for buildings directly based on in situ experimental modal tests to calculate global seismic demands and the dynamic amplification portion of natural torsion. Considering that the building modal properties change from weak to strong motion levels, appropriate modification factors are proposed to extend the application of the method to stronger earthquakes. The proposed approach is consistent with the performance‐based seismic assessment approach, which entails the prediction of seismic displacements and drift ratios that are related to the damage condition and therefore the functionality of the building. The modified 3D‐SAM is especially practical for structures that are expected to experience slight to moderate damage levels and in particular for post‐disaster buildings that are expected to remain functional after an earthquake. In the last section of this paper, 16 low to mid‐rise irregular buildings located in Montreal, Canada, and that have been tested under ambient vibrations are analyzed with the method, and the dynamic amplification portion of natural torsion of the dataset is reported and discussed. The proposed methodology is appropriate for large‐scale assessments of existing buildings and is applicable to any seismic region of the world. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…It does not depend on recording the transient signal during the damage event itself. This is different from the few unique exceptions such as the studies done by Dunand et al (2004) and Rodgers and Celebi (2005), which involved analysis of transient signals recorded during damaging shaking caused by the 1994 Northridge earthquake.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Detection of Building Damage Using Helmholtz Tomography

Kohler

Allam

Massari

et al. 2018

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America

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High-rise buildings with dense permanent installations of continuously recording accelerometers offer a unique opportunity to observe temporal and spatial variations in the propagation properties of seismic waves. When precise, floor-by-floor measurements of frequency-dependent travel times can be made, accurate models of material properties (e.g., stiffness or rigidity) can be determined using seismic tomographic imaging techniques. By measuring changes in the material properties, damage to the structure can be detected and localized after shaking events such as earthquakes. Here, seismic Helmholtz tomography is applied to simulated waveform data from a high-rise building, and its feasibility is demonstrated. A 52-story dual system building-braced-frame core surrounded by an outrigger steel moment frame-in downtown Los Angeles is used for the computational basis. It is part of the Community Seismic Network and has a three-component accelerometer installed on every floor. A finite-element model of the building based on structural drawings is used for the computation of synthetic seismograms for 60 damage scenarios in which the stiffness of the building is perturbed in different locations across both adjacent and distributed floors and to varying degrees. The dynamic analysis loading function is a Gaussian pulse applied to the lowest level fixed boundary condition, producing a broadband response on all floors. After narrowband filtering the synthetic seismograms and measuring the maximum amplitude, the frequency-dependent travel times and differential travel times are computed. The travel-time and amplitude measurements are converted to shear-wave velocity at each floor via the Helmholtz wave equation whose solutions can be used to track perturbations to wavefronts through densely sampled wavefields. These results provide validation of the method's application to recorded data from real buildings to detect and locate structural damage using earthquake, explosion, or ambient seismic noise data in near-real time. Electronic Supplement: Table and figures describing nine additional velocity imaging tests that were run using the same procedure described in the main article.

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Ambient vibration and earthquake strong-motion data sets for selected USGS extensively instrumented buildings

Cited by 11 publications

References 1 publication

Impulse Response of Civil Structures from Ambient Noise Analysis

Impulse Response of Civil Structures from Ambient Noise Analysis

Modified three‐dimensional seismic assessment method for buildings based on ambient vibration tests: extrapolation to higher shaking levels and measuring the dynamic amplification portion of natural torsion

Detection of Building Damage Using Helmholtz Tomography

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