Ambient toxicity testing in the Chesapeake Bay watershed using freshwater and estuarine water column tests

Hall, Lenwood W.; Ziegenfuss, Michael C.; Fischer, Steven A.

doi:10.1002/etc.5620111007

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 11 publications

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“…The objectives of this study were to summarize available ambient water column and sediment toxicity data from 1990 through 1994 to identify toxic ambient areas at 25 stations in the Chesapeake Bay watershed [4][5][6][7][8][9]. Using both types of tests provided a robust approach for assessing ambient toxicity as water column tests measure transient effects from water-soluble contaminants associated with point sources or runoff events while sediment tests measure historical contaminant problems associated with contaminants that absorb to sediment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of concurrent ambient water column and sediment toxicity testing in the Chesapeake Bay watershed: 1990–1994

Hall

Alden

1997

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Abstract-The objectives of this study were to identify toxic ambient areas in the Chesapeake Bay watershed by using a battery of water column and sediment toxicity tests. Twenty-five ambient stations in nine river/harbors were tested during 1990 through 1994. Seasonal and annual comparisons were conducted at selected stations. Inorganic and organic contaminants were evaluated in ambient water and sediment concurrently with water column and sediment tests to assess possible causes of toxicity, although absolute causality cannot be established. Multivariate statistical analysis was used to develop a TOX-INDEX at each station for both water column and sediment toxicity data. Water column tests from the 5-year testing period showed that 43% of the time, some degree of toxicity was reported. The most toxic sites based on water column results were located in urbanized areas such as the Elizabeth River, Baltimore Harbor, and the Middle River. Water quality criteria for copper, lead, mercury, nickel, and zinc were exceeded at one or more of these sites. Some degree of sediment toxicity was reported from 70% of the tests conducted during the 5-year period. The Elizabeth River and Baltimore Harbor stations were reported as the most toxic areas based on sediment results. Sediment toxicity guidelines (Long and Morgan effects range median [ER-M] values) were exceeded for one or more of the following metals at these two locations: arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, nickel, and zinc. At the Elizabeth River stations 9 of 16 semivolatile organics and 2 of 7 pesticides measured exceeded the ER-M values. Various semivolatile organics exceeded the ER-M values at a number of Baltimore Harbor sites; pyrene and dibenzo (a,h) anthracene were particularly high at one of the stations (Northwest Harbor).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of concurrent ambient water column and sediment toxicity testing in the Chesapeake Bay watershed: 1990–1994

Hall

Alden

1997

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Use of estuarine water column tests for detecting toxic conditions in ambient areas of the chesapeake bay watershed

Hall

Ziegenfuss

Anderson

et al. 1995

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Various estuarine water column toxicity tests were conducted twice in nine different ambient stations in the Chesapeake Bay watershed over a 2‐year period (1991 to 1993) to determine if toxic conditions existed. The following 8‐d toxicity tests were conducted: larval sheepshead minnow (Cyprinodon variegatus) survival and growth test; larval grass shrimp (Palaemonetes pugio) survival and growth test; and a copepod (Eurytemora affinis) life‐cycle test. During the second year of testing, two 48‐h coot clam (Mulinia lateralis) tests were conducted at each station during each testing period. In 1991, the toxicity tests were conducted twice at stations in the Potomac River at Morgantown and Dahlgren, and in the Patapsco River and the Wye River at the Manor House. All of the above tests were conducted during the fall of 1992 and spring of 1993 at two stations in the Wye River, Nanticoke River, and Middle River. Inorganic contaminants, organic contaminants, and water‐quality conditions were measured concurrently during the toxicity testing of ambient water. In 1991, reduced growth of sheepshead minnow larvae was reported at both Potomac River stations during the first test. Significant mortality of either the copepod or sheepshead minnow larvae was also reported at the Wye River during both tests. Results from the 1992/93 testing generally showed minimal effects for three of the test species at all stations. Reduced normal shell development was reported for the coot clam at both Middle River stations during the fall and spring tests concurrently with concentrations of various trace metals that exceeded chronic marine water‐quality criteria.

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Effects of pollution on saltwater organisms

Reish¹,

Oshida²,

Mearns³

et al. 1993

Water Environment Research

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Ambient toxicity testing in the Chesapeake Bay watershed using freshwater and estuarine water column tests

Cited by 6 publications

References 11 publications

A review of concurrent ambient water column and sediment toxicity testing in the Chesapeake Bay watershed: 1990–1994

A review of concurrent ambient water column and sediment toxicity testing in the Chesapeake Bay watershed: 1990–1994

Use of estuarine water column tests for detecting toxic conditions in ambient areas of the chesapeake bay watershed

Effects of pollution on saltwater organisms

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