Microfluidics has attracted great attention over the last decade due to its characteristic supreme miniaturisation and low energy consumption as compared to macroscale fluid mechanics. Heat transfer is a crucial process in microfluidic systems and has a significant effect on flow behaviour. This thesis First of all, I would like to express my most sincere appreciation to my supervisor, Associate Professor Wong Teck Neng, for his immense support and encouragement throughout the research project. Most importantly, I wish to thank him for his patient guidance into the depth and breadth of the research project. I would also like to express a deep sense of gratitude and appreciation to my cosupervisor, Associate Professor Nguyen Nam-Trung for his guidance on the research project. I had benefited and learned a lot from the various technical discussions with him. I had learned a lot from his invaluable insights into many of the experimental problems. I would also like to thank Mr. Yuan Kee Hock, Higher Laboratory Executive, Thermal and Fluids Research Laboratory, School of MAE, NTU, for the valuable assistance in the experiments. The financial support of Nanyang Technological University (NTU) is gratefully acknowledged. I am fortunate to have my friends in the Thermal and Fluids Research Laboratory of NTU who have rendered much help to me during the past years. Last but not least, I would like to express my thanks to my parents for their continuous support to give me the strength to step on the road to aim for the PhD degree.