Ambient-Temperature Extraction of Hydrocarbons From Marine Sediment—Comparison with Boiling-Solvent Extractions

Brown, Donald W.; Ramos, Lourdes; Uyeda, Marianne Y.; Friedman, Andrew J.; MacLeod, William D.

doi:10.1021/ba-1980-0185.ch014

Cited by 19 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…One‐liter water samples were extracted with liquid/liquid techniques [16]. Fifty‐gram samples of gravel were extracted by a modification of the ambient temperature solvent agitation method as described by Brown et al [17] and modified by Peven and Uhler [18] (http://www.ntis.gov/) for the U.S. National Status and Trends Mussel Watch Program. An additional aliquot of approximately 5 g of gravel was removed, weighed, and dried to a constant weight at 105°C to determine sample dry weight.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity of weathered Exxon Valdez crude oil to pink salmon embryos

Brannon

Collins

Brown

et al. 2006

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity of weathered Exxon Valdez crude oil to pink salmon embryos

Brannon

Collins

Brown

et al. 2006

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…The chemical analyses methodology used in the present study was the same as that used for PAH analyses in the laboratory studies on oil toxicity to pink salmon embryos [10,11]. Extraction of sediment samples used a modification of the ambient temperature solvent agitation method described by Brown et al [13] and modified by Peven and Uhler ([14]; http://www.lib.noaa.gov/). Sediment extracts were reduced in volume to 1 ml, spiked with PAH, and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) for PAH.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk of weathered residual Exxon Valdez oil to pink salmon embryos in Prince William Sound

Brannon

Collins

Cronin

et al. 2007

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Abstract-It has been hypothesized that pink salmon eggs incubating in intertidal streams transecting Prince William Sound (PWS) beaches oiled by the Exxon Valdez oil spill were exposed to lethal doses of dissolved hydrocarbons. Since polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) levels in the incubation gravel were too low to cause mortality, the allegation is that dissolved high-molecularweight hydrocarbons (HPAH) leaching from oil deposits on the beach adjacent to the streams were the source of toxicity. To evaluate this hypothesis, we placed pink salmon eggs in PWS beach sediments containing residual oil from the Exxon Valdez oil spill and in control areas without oil. We quantified the hydrocarbon concentrations in the eggs after three weeks of incubation. Tissue PAH concentrations of eggs in oiled sediments were generally Ͻ100 ppb and similar to background levels on nonoiled beaches. Even eggs in direct contact with oil in the sediment resulted in tissue PAH loads well below the lethal threshold concentrations established in laboratory bioassays, and very low concentrations of HPAH compounds were present. These results indicate that petroleum hydrocarbons dissolved from oil deposits on intertidal beaches are not at concentrations that pose toxic risk to incubating pink salmon eggs. The evidence does not support the hypothesis that interstitial pore water in previously oiled beaches is highly toxic.

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“…Lipid extractions were conducted using the ambient temperature extraction technique of Brown et al (1980). A known amount of wet sediment (generally 5-10 g dry weight) was sealed in a Teflon jar and extracted by shaking sequentially with methanol (three times, 30 min.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrocarbon Geochemistry and Biological Markers in Orca and Pigmy Basin Sediments (Sites 618 and 619)

Requejo¹,

Whelan²,

Boehm³

1986

Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project

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The C 15+ hydrocarbon geochemistry of sediments from Sites 618 and 619 (Orca and Pigmy basins) has been examined as part of a biogeochemical study of microbial activity and biological markers in Leg 96 sediments. Total hydrocarbon concentrations (13-78 µg/g dry weight) are elevated in comparison to those reported for Recent sediments from the Gulf of Mexico continental shelf, but there is little evidence that these sediments contain petroleum hydrocarbons originating from seepage. The presence of weathered fossil hydrocarbons is suggested, however, by the unresolved envelope feature observed in gas chromatograms of most sediments and also by the distribution of C 27 -C 2 9 steranes and triterpanes. Normal alkane distributions are consistent with a predominant input or preservation of terrestrial organic matter in these offshore basins. At Site 619 an enhanced terrestrial contribution below 113 m sub-bottom is indicated by an increase in the ratio of odd to even n-alkanes over the range C 26 to C 30 . Pristane/phytane ratios at both sites range between 0.97 and 1.74 which, in conjunction with the occurrence of significant concentrations of perylene (10-500 ng/g dry weight), suggest the prevalence of reducing depositional conditions over the time period covered by the cores. A hydrocarbon tentatively identified as a C 2 5 multibranched compound similar to those found in Recent sediments was detected in most samples.

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Ambient-Temperature Extraction of Hydrocarbons From Marine Sediment—Comparison with Boiling-Solvent Extractions

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

Toxicity of weathered Exxon Valdez crude oil to pink salmon embryos

Toxicity of weathered Exxon Valdez crude oil to pink salmon embryos

Risk of weathered residual Exxon Valdez oil to pink salmon embryos in Prince William Sound

Hydrocarbon Geochemistry and Biological Markers in Orca and Pigmy Basin Sediments (Sites 618 and 619)

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