Ambient oxygen ingress rate method—an alternative method to Ox‐Tran for measuring oxygen transmission rate of whole packages

Larsen, Hanne; Köhler, Achim; Magnus, Ellen Merethe

doi:10.1002/pts.519

Cited by 47 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The AOIR and OTR permeability results are comparable (Table 1), which confirmed earlier findings (Larsen et al 2000). The PET sheet had a permeability of 890 ± 10 ml µm m -2 day -1 atm -1 which is significantly higher than that of the barrier materials and is therefore not influencing the results.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

“…All samples were measured with the AOIR method. Some samples were selected for measurement by the OTR method as well, in order to assess our setup to that used in previous studies (Larsen et al 2000). Table 1 -Mean values for thicknesses, OTR and AOIR values of the barrier layers are shown in the columns 2-4 for the various samples (column 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The concentration increase was measured by the sensor in the PermMate equipment by inserting a needle in the inlet/outlet. It has been shown elsewhere that the AOIR can be used to calculate the OTR (Larsen, Kohler et al 2000). The measurement of the oxygen concentration increase is used to calculate the permeability, :…”

Section: Methods For Barrier Characterisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Influence of kaolin addition on the dynamics of oxygen mass transport in polyvinyl alcohol dispersion coatings

Nyflött

Carlsson

Järnström

et al. 2015

Nordic Pulp &Amp; Paper Research Journal

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SUMMARY:The permeability of dispersion barriers produced from polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) and kaolin clay blends coated onto polymeric supports has been studied by employing two different measurement methods: the oxygen transmission rate (OTR) and the ambient oxygen ingress rate (AOIR). Coatings with different thicknesses and kaolin contents were studied. Structural information of the dispersion-barrier coatings was obtained by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). These results showed that the kaolin content influences both the orientation of the kaolin and the degree of crystallinity of the PVOH coating. Increased kaolin content increased the alignment of the kaolin platelets to the basal plane of the coating. Higher kaolin content was accompanied by higher degree of crystallinity of the PVOH. The barrier thickness proved to be less important in the early stages of the mass transport process, whereas it had a significant influence on the steady-state permeability. The results from this study demonstrate the need for better understanding of how permeability is influenced by (chemical and physical) structure.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methods For Barrier Characterisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Influence of kaolin addition on the dynamics of oxygen mass transport in polyvinyl alcohol dispersion coatings

Nyflött

Carlsson

Järnström

et al. 2015

Nordic Pulp &Amp; Paper Research Journal

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“…The AOIR measurements are taken using a zirconium sensor instead of a pressure sensor. 58 In this case, both sides of the cell are flushed either with air (upstream) or nitrogen (downstream). The sensor measures the increase in oxygen concentration on the downstream side, which is used to calculate the permeate flow.…”

Section: Permeability Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of moisture content on the polymer structure of polyvinyl alcohol in dispersion barrier coatings and its effect on the mass transport of oxygen

et al. 2017

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This paper presents a study of the effect of moisture on the gas permeability of polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) and PVOH-kaolin dispersion barrier coatings. The oxygen permeability was measured at different humidity levels, and the material properties were characterized under the same conditions: polymer crystallinity, kaolin concentration, and kaolin orientation were all evaluated. The experimental results revealed that the water plasticizes the PVOH material of the coatings, and the presence of kaolin filler is unable to affect such behavior significantly. The PVOH crystallinity was affected drastically by the humidity, as water melts polymer crystallites, which is a reversible process under removal of water. The permeability data were analyzed using a thermodynamicbased model able to account for the water effect on both the solubility of the gas and the diffusivity coefficients in the polymer and composite. The results showed good agreement between the model's predictions and the experimental data in terms of the overall permeability of the material.

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“…The ambient oxygen ingress rate (AOIR) method measures the OTR of finished packages and was recently demonstrated to give equal OTR values when compared to values measured by a Mocon Ox-Tran instrument. 4 The AOIR method requires relatively inexpensive equipment and has a high capacity. By using the AOIR method it is also possible to measure the OTR at different temperature and humidity conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxygen transmission rates of packages at ambient, chill and freezing temperatures measured by the AOIR method

Larsen¹

2004

Packag Technol Sci

Self Cite

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The ambient oxygen ingress rate (AOIR) method is an alternative or supplementary method to Ox-Tran for measuring the oxygen transmission rate (OTR) of packages. The method has high capacity, requires relatively inexpensive equipment and measures OTR at different temperatures and humidity conditions. The aim of this study was, on the one hand, to study the effect of temperature on the OTR for packages produced from different polymer materials and laminates, and on the other hand to evaluate the suitability of the AOIR method at freezing temperature conditions. The OTR for 10 packages with different polymer compositions was measured at 23°C, 6°C and -25°C. The AOIR method was shown to be a reliable test method for measuring OTR of packages at all the applied test conditions, also at frozen storage temperature. The OTR for the packages decreased with lower temperatures, especially for the packages with the highest OTR values at 23°C. In order to avoid higher packaging expenses than necessary to obtain the required shelf-life for different food products, the OTR for alternative packages should be measured at the temperature and humidity conditions of intended use.

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Ambient oxygen ingress rate method—an alternative method to Ox‐Tran for measuring oxygen transmission rate of whole packages

Cited by 47 publications

References 5 publications

Influence of kaolin addition on the dynamics of oxygen mass transport in polyvinyl alcohol dispersion coatings

Influence of kaolin addition on the dynamics of oxygen mass transport in polyvinyl alcohol dispersion coatings

The influence of moisture content on the polymer structure of polyvinyl alcohol in dispersion barrier coatings and its effect on the mass transport of oxygen

Oxygen transmission rates of packages at ambient, chill and freezing temperatures measured by the AOIR method

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