Ambient nitrogen dioxide pollution and spreadability of COVID-19 in Chinese cities

Yao, Ye; Pan, Jinhua; Liu, Zhixi; Meng, Xia; Wang, Weidong; Kan, Haidong

doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111421

Cited by 49 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…In contrast, significant positive correlations were shown by our analysis for concentrations of NO 2 , SO 2 , and CO in the air (although the correlation for CO is not statistically significant), which is generally supported by the results of other studies. For example, a positive correlation of NO 2 levels with the basic reproductive number of infection was obtained from data for 63 Chinese cities (Yao et al, 2020a). Also, it has been shown that the number of detected cases of COVID-19 in China is strongly positively correlated with the level of CO, while in Italy and the USA such correlation exists with NO 2 (Pansini and Fornacca, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Effects of Demographic and Weather Parameters on COVID-19 Basic Reproduction Number

et al. 2021

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It is hard to overstate the importance of a timely prediction of the COVID-19 pandemic progression. Yet, this is not possible without a comprehensive understanding of environmental factors that may affect the infection transmissibility. Studies addressing parameters that may influence COVID-19 progression relied on either the total numbers of detected cases and similar proxies (which are highly sensitive to the testing capacity, levels of introduced social distancing measures, etc.), and/or a small number of analyzed factors, including analysis of regions that display a narrow range of these parameters. We here apply a novel approach, exploiting widespread growth regimes in COVID-19 detected case counts. By applying nonlinear dynamics methods to the exponential regime, we extract basic reproductive number R0 (i.e., the measure of COVID-19 inherent biological transmissibility), applying to the completely naïve population in the absence of social distancing, for 118 different countries. We then use bioinformatics methods to systematically collect data on a large number of potentially interesting demographics and weather parameters for these countries (where data was available), and seek their correlations with the rate of COVID-19 spread. While some of the already reported or assumed tendencies (e.g., negative correlation of transmissibility with temperature and humidity, significant correlation with UV, generally positive correlation with pollution levels) are also confirmed by our analysis, we report a number of both novel results and those that help settle existing disputes: the absence of dependence on wind speed and air pressure, negative correlation with precipitation; significant positive correlation with society development level (human development index) irrespective of testing policies, and percent of the urban population, but absence of correlation with population density per se. We find a strong positive correlation of transmissibility on alcohol consumption, and the absence of correlation on refugee numbers, contrary to some widespread beliefs. Significant tendencies with health-related factors are reported, including a detailed analysis of the blood type group showing consistent tendencies on Rh factor, and a strong positive correlation of transmissibility with cholesterol levels. Detailed comparisons of obtained results with previous findings, and limitations of our approach, are also provided.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Effects of Demographic and Weather Parameters on COVID-19 Basic Reproduction Number

et al. 2021

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“…Our finding is in line with other studies observing a similar influence of air pollutants. (i) Firstly, testing the more proximal hypothesis that COVID-19 outbreaks could follow with a temporal delay from days with high NO 2 presence in the air, colleagues in Shanghai have published detailed time series data pointing at a lag of 12 days before hospitalizations for the Hubei province ( 16 ). This suggests the role of air pollutants as airborne vectors for this virus, also highlighted by another study ( 18 ) conducted in three cities in Hubei province and a further one illustrating a potential role of PMs in other Asian cities ( 12 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Higher Mortality in Chinese Regions With Chronic Exposure to Lower Air Quality

Pansini

Fornacca

2021

Front. Public Health

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We investigated the geographical character of the COVID-19 infection in China and correlated it with satellite- and ground-based measurements of air quality. Controlling for population density, we found more viral infections in those prefectures (U.S. county equivalent) afflicted by high Carbon Monoxide, Formaldehyde, PM 2.5, and Nitrogen Dioxide values. Higher mortality was also correlated with relatively poor air quality. When summarizing the results at a greater administrative level, we found that the 10 provinces (U.S. state equivalent) with the highest rate of mortality by COVID-19, were often the most polluted but not the most densely populated. Air pollution appears to be a risk factor for the incidence of this disease, despite the conventionally apprehended influence of human mobility on disease dynamics from the site of first appearance, Wuhan. The raw correlations reported here should be interpreted in a broader context, accounting for the growing evidence reported by several other studies. These findings warn communities and policymakers on the implications of long-term air pollution exposure as an ecological, multi-scale public health issue.

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“…NO 2 has been positively associated with COVID‐19 infectivity, positive cases, incidence and deaths 44,56,63,64 . After adjustment for relative humidity and temperature, transmission ability of the 11 Cities in Hubei Province (except Xianning City) was positively related to NO 2 concentration (with 12‐day time lag), indicating that NO 2 may increase underlying risk of infection during COVID‐19 transmission 76 . Magazino et al demonstrated a causal effect of NO 2 on mortality, namely, the ability of NO 2 to accelerate COVID‐19 mortality 69 .…”

Section: Epidemiological Study Between Air Pollutants and Covid‐19mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…44,56,63,64 After adjustment for relative humidity and temperature, transmission ability of the 11 Cities in Hubei Province (except Xianning City) was positively related to NO 2 concentration (with 12-day time lag), indicating that NO 2 may increase underlying risk of infection during COVID-19 transmission. 76 Magazino et al demonstrated a causal effect of NO 2 on mortality, namely, the ability of NO 2 to accelerate COVID-19 mortality. 69 Ogen et al showed that out of the 4 443 fatality cases, 3 487 (78%) were in five regions with the highest NO 2 concentrations.…”

Section: No 2 and Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging role of air pollution and meteorological parameters in COVID‐19

Zhao

Fang

Feng

et al. 2021

J Evidence Based Medicine

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Exposure to air pollutants has been associated with respiratory viral infections. Epidemiological studies have shown that air pollution exposure is related to increased cases of SARS-COV-2 infection and COVID-19-associated mortality. In addition, the changes of meteorological parameters have also been implicated in the occurrence and development of COVID-19. However, the molecular mechanisms by which pollutant exposure and changes of meteorological parameters affects COVID-19 remains unknown. This review summarizes the biology of COVID-19 and the route of viral transmission, and elaborates on the relationship between air pollution and climate indicators and COVID-19. Finally, we envisaged the potential roles of air pollution and meteorological parameters in COVID-19.

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Ambient nitrogen dioxide pollution and spreadability of COVID-19 in Chinese cities

Cited by 49 publications

References 16 publications

Effects of Demographic and Weather Parameters on COVID-19 Basic Reproduction Number

Effects of Demographic and Weather Parameters on COVID-19 Basic Reproduction Number

COVID-19 Higher Mortality in Chinese Regions With Chronic Exposure to Lower Air Quality

Emerging role of air pollution and meteorological parameters in COVID‐19

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