Ambient Fine Particulate Matter, Nitrogen Dioxide, and Term Birth Weight in New York, New York

Savitz, David A.; Bobb, Jennifer F.; Carr, Jessie; Clougherty, Jane E.; Dominici, Francesca; Elston, Beth; Ito, Kazuhiko; Ross, Zev; Yee, Michelle; Matte, Thomas

doi:10.1093/aje/kwt268

Cited by 78 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…We examined the association of PM 2.5 and NO 2 with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy employing data from a unique urban air monitoring program designed to assess intra-urban variation in population exposures, and to draw on a combination of birth certificate and hospital discharge diagnoses for a large, diverse population of pregnant women across New York City. In a previous analysis of data from this study, residential concentrations of these two air pollutants were associated with a small decrement in birth weight, 23 calling for an examination of the hypothesis that this finding might be accounted for by a more marked association with hypertensive disorders.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Ambient Fine Particulate Matter, Nitrogen Dioxide, and Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy in New York City

et al. 2015

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BACKGROUND Previous studies suggested a possible association between fine particulate matter air pollution (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and the development of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, but effect sizes have been small and methodologic weaknesses preclude firm conclusions. METHODS We linked birth certificates in New York City in 2008-2010 to hospital discharge diagnoses and estimated air pollution exposure based on maternal address. The New York City Community Air Survey provided refined estimates of PM2.5 and NO2 at the maternal residence. We estimated the association between exposures to PM2.5 and NO2 in the first and second trimester and risk of gestational hypertension, mild preeclampsia, and severe preeclampsia among 268,601 births. RESULTS In unadjusted analyses, we found evidence of a positive association between both pollutants and gestational hypertension. However, after adjustment for individual covariates, socioeconomic deprivation, and delivery hospital, we did not find evidence of an association between PM2.5 or NO2 in the first or second trimester and any of the outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Our data did not provide clear evidence of an effect of ambient air pollution on hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Results need to be interpreted with caution considering the quality of the available exposure and health outcome measures and the uncertain impact of adjusting for hospital. Relative to previous studies, which have tended to identify positive associations with PM2.5 and NO2, our large study size, refined air pollution exposure estimates, hospital-based disease ascertainment, and little risk of confounding by socioeconomic deprivation, does not provide evidence for an association.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Ambient Fine Particulate Matter, Nitrogen Dioxide, and Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy in New York City

et al. 2015

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“…For example, in New York City, Savitz et al 26 found that a 10 µg/m 3 increase in PM 2.5 was associated with a 48.4 g (95% CI −62.3 to –34.5) lower birth weight. For comparison, extrapolating our results to a 10 µg/m 3 increase in PM 2.5 yields a 48.5 g (95% CI −96.6 to –0.44) difference in birth weight.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For both monitored and modelled pollutant levels, we averaged the daily exposure estimates to determine the average levels for the entire pregnancy as well as for the first trimester (weeks 1–12), second trimester (weeks 13–26) and third trimester (weeks 27 to birth), as in previous studies 26. While our primary analyses were based on pregnancy-average pollutant levels, we additionally investigated trimester-specific exposures as vulnerability to air pollution may change over the course of pregnancy 9 14 27…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal ambient air pollution, preterm birth and markers of fetal growth in Rhode Island: results of a hospital-based linkage study

Kingsley

Eliot

Glazer

et al. 2017

J Epidemiol Community Health

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Background Maternal exposure to ambient air pollution has been associated with higher risk of preterm birth and reduced fetal growth, but heterogeneity among prior studies suggests additional studies are needed in diverse populations and settings. We examined the associations between maternal ambient air pollution levels, risk of preterm birth, and markers of fetal growth in an urban population with relatively low exposure to air pollution. Methods We linked 61,640 mother-infant pairs who delivered at a single hospital in Providence, Rhode Island from 2002–2012 to birth certificate and hospital discharge data. We used spatial-temporal models and stationary monitors to estimate exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and black carbon (BC) during pregnancy. Using generalized linear models we evaluated the association between pollutant levels, risk of preterm birth, and markers of fetal growth. Results In adjusted models, an interquartile range (IQR; 2.5 µg/m3) increase in pregnancy-average PM2.5 was associated with odds ratios (ORs) of preterm birth of 1.04 (95% CI: 0.94, 1.15) and 0.86 (0.76, 0.98) when considering modeled and monitored PM2.5, respectively. An IQR increase in modeled and monitored PM2.5 was associated with a 12.1 g (95% CI:−24.2, −0.1) and 15.9 g (95% CI: −31.6, −0.3) lower birthweight. Results for BC were highly sensitive to choice of exposure metric. Conclusion In a population with relatively low exposures to ambient air pollutants, PM2.5 was associated with reduced birthweight but not with risk of preterm birth.

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“…Particulate matter (PM) is also commonly released into the surrounding air during tight oil and shale gas operations, especially where there are diesel emissions (66). A relationship between NO x and preterm birth has been observed (12), whereas exposure to NO x has been linked to reductions in birth weight (145,146) and IUGR (147). Ozone, another byproduct of UOG operations, has also been linked in a number of studies to LBW and preterm birth (140,144,148,149).…”

Section: Preterm Birth and Low Birth Weightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental and reproductive effects of chemicals associated with unconventional oil and natural gas operations

Webb

Bushkin-Bedient²,

Cheng

et al. 2014

Reviews on Environmental Health

141

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AbstractUnconventional oil and gas (UOG) operations have the potential to increase air and water pollution in communities located near UOG operations. Every stage of UOG operation from well construction to extraction, operations, transportation, and distribution can lead to air and water contamination. Hundreds of chemicals are associated with the process of unconventional oil and natural gas production. In this work, we review the scientific literature providing evidence that adult and early life exposure to chemicals associated with UOG operations can result in adverse reproductive health and developmental effects in humans. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) [including benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, and xylene (BTEX) and formaldehyde] and heavy metals (including arsenic, cadmium and lead) are just a few of the known contributors to reduced air and water quality that pose a threat to human developmental and reproductive health. The developing fetus is particularly sensitive to environmental factors, which include air and water pollution. Research shows that there are critical windows of vulnerability during prenatal and early postnatal development, during which chemical exposures can cause potentially permanent damage to the growing embryo and fetus. Many of the air and water pollutants found near UOG operation sites are recognized as being developmental and reproductive toxicants; therefore there is a compelling need to increase our knowledge of the potential health consequences for adults, infants, and children from these chemicals through rapid and thorough health research investigation.

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Ambient Fine Particulate Matter, Nitrogen Dioxide, and Term Birth Weight in New York, New York

Cited by 78 publications

References 30 publications

Ambient Fine Particulate Matter, Nitrogen Dioxide, and Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy in New York City

Ambient Fine Particulate Matter, Nitrogen Dioxide, and Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy in New York City

Maternal ambient air pollution, preterm birth and markers of fetal growth in Rhode Island: results of a hospital-based linkage study

Developmental and reproductive effects of chemicals associated with unconventional oil and natural gas operations

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