Ambient and Elevated Carbon Dioxide on Growth, Physiological and Nutrient Uptake Parameters of Perennial Leguminous Cover Crops under Low Light Intensities

Baligar, V. C.; Elson, Marshall K.; He, Zhenli L.; Li, Yuncong; Paiva, Arlicélio de Queiroz; Ahnert, Dário; Almeida, Alex-Alan Furtado de; Fageria, N. K.

doi:10.9734/ijpss/2017/32790

Cited by 9 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…This might be because increased leaf growth (source) drives root growth (sink) and enables plants to take up more water and nutrients to maintain an optimal source‐sink balance (Dong et al ). We also confirm a previous study (Baligar et al ) that shows increased light intensity and increased CO 2 significantly increase the dry matter accumulation (Table ) of each organ, indicating that under higher light intensity, more CO 2 can be fixed into plant organs and that this additional material is partitioned among them all. However, we found that relatively more of this additional photosynthates remained in the leaves and less made its way to the roots, resulting in a decreased root/shoot ratio (R/S) under increased CO 2 and increased light intensity (Table ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Increased CO₂ and light intensity regulate growth and leaf gas exchange in tomato

Pan

Wang

et al. 2019

Physiologia Plantarum

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Carbon dioxide concentration (CO2) and light intensity are known to play important roles in plant growth and carbon assimilation. Nevertheless, the underlying physiological mechanisms have not yet been fully explored. Tomato seedlings (Solanum lycopersicum Mill. cv. Jingpeng No. 1) were exposed to two levels of CO2 and three levels of light intensity and the effects on growth, leaf gas exchange and water use efficiency were investigated. Elevated CO2 and increased light intensity promoted growth, dry matter accumulation and pigment concentration and together the seedling health index. Elevated CO2 had no significant effect on leaf nitrogen content but did significantly upregulate Calvin cycle enzyme activity. Increased CO2 and light intensity promoted photosynthesis, both on a leaf‐area basis and on a chlorophyll basis. Increased CO2 also increased light‐saturated maximum photosynthetic rate, apparent quantum efficiency and carboxylation efficiency and, together with increased light intensity, it raised photosynthetic capacity. However, increased CO2 reduced transpiration and water consumption across different levels of light intensity, thus significantly increasing both leaf‐level and plant‐level water use efficiency. Among the range of treatments imposed, the combination of increased CO2 (800 µmol CO2 mol−1) and high light intensity (400 µmol m−2 s−1) resulted in optimal growth and carbon assimilation. We conclude that the combination of increased CO2 and increased light intensity worked synergistically to promote growth, photosynthetic capacity and water use efficiency by upregulation of pigment concentration, Calvin cycle enzyme activity, light energy use and CO2 fixation. Increased CO2 also lowered transpiration and hence water usage.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Increased CO₂ and light intensity regulate growth and leaf gas exchange in tomato

Pan

Wang

et al. 2019

Physiologia Plantarum

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“…The NUE values are useful in assessing the ability of plants to use absorbed nutrients efficiently or non-efficiently. The NUE values observed in the current study for various nutrients were similar to the NUE values reported earlier for other cover crops [15,16,18,25].…”

Section: Nutrient Use Efficiency (Nue)supporting

confidence: 90%

“…al. [16,25,26] reported that increasing light intensity from 100 to 450 µmol m −2 s −1 increased shoot, leaf and root growth parameters of tropical legume cover crops. However, in the current study, Lab-Lab had decreasing trends in all measured traits at a PPFD of 450 µmol m −2 s −1 .…”

Section: Light Intensity On Growth Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Intraspecific differences were observed for variation in the nutrient concentrations of macro-and micronutrients. The differential effects of varying levels of PPFD on the nutrient uptake by perennial cover crop legumes have been reported [15,16,25,26]. Wong [30] reported changes in the mineral composition of Joint Vetch, Calopo, Centro, Ea-Ea, Tropical Kudzu and Brazilian Lucerne grown in varying levels of shade (18 to 100% of daylight) in greenhouse conditions.…”

Section: Concentration and Uptake Of Nutrientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Light Intensity Effects on the Growth, Physiological and Nutritional Parameters of Tropical Perennial Legume Cover Crops

Baligar

Elson

et al. 2020

Agronomy

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In the early stages of the establishment of plantation crops such as cacao, perennial legume cover crops provide vegetative cover to reduce soil and nutrient loss by erosion. Light intensity at cover crop canopy levels greatly influences their adaptability and optimum growth. As tree crops mature, understory cover crops suffer from inadequate light intensity. A greenhouse experiment was undertaken with nine perennial legume cover crop species (Calopo, Ea-Ea, Jack Bean, Lab-Lab, Mucuna ana, Mucuna preta, Cowpea, Black Pigeon Pea and Mixed Pigeon Pea) to assess the effects of three photosynthetic photon flux densities (PPFDs, µmol m−2 s−1) 180 (inadequate light), 450 (moderate light) and 900 (adequate light) on growth, physiological and nutrient uptake parameters. PPFD had highly significant effects on leaf, shoot and root growth parameters and increasing the light intensity from 180 to 900 µmol m−2 s−1 increased all growth parameters with the exception of specific leaf area. In all the legume cover crops, increasing the light intensity significantly increased the net assimilation rates (NAR), SPAD index and net photosynthesis (PN) and its components, stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration (E) and vapor pressure deficit (VPD). Cover crop species, PPFD and their interactions significantly affected water flux (Vo) and various water use efficiency parameters (WUETOTAL, WUEINST and WUEINTR). Increasing the PPFD increased the WUE in all of the cover crops. Species and PPFD had highly significant effects on the uptake of macro- and micronutrients. Overall uptakes of all nutrients were increased with increases in the PPFD from 180 to 900 µmol m−2 s−1. With few exceptions, the nutrient use efficiency (NUE) of the nutrients was significantly influenced by species, PPFD and their interactions. Except for Mn, increasing the PPFD from 180 to 900 µmol m−2 s −1 increased the NUE for all the nutrients.

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“…Arp et al (1998) reported that plant response to elevated CO 2 is highly influenced by other environmental factors. The moisture status, nutrient level, light level, disease, and pest presence might affect the response of plants under elevated CO 2 (Arp et al, 1998;Baligar et al, 2017;Peñuelas et al, 1995). A wide range of plant responses in terms of growth, biomass production, morphological, and physiological processes have been observed under elevated CO 2 and varying growth environments.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Greenhouse Carbon Dioxide Supplementation with Irrigation and Fertilization Management of Geranium and Fountain Grass

Singh¹,

Poudel²,

Dunn³

et al. 2020

horts

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Increase in ambient carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration is beneficial for plant growth due to increased photosynthesis and water use efficiency. A greenhouse study was conducted to investigate how supplemented CO2 influences optimal irrigation and fertilization management for production of two ornamental plants. Two identical greenhouses were used, with one having CO2 supplementation and the other serving as the control with ambient CO2 concentration. Tensiometer-based irrigation treatments were applied at soil tensions of –5, –10, and –15 kPa with 0-, 3-, 6-, or 9-g controlled-release fertilizer rates applied in factorial with irrigation treatments. Plugs of geranium ‘Pinto Premium Rose Bicolor’ and fountain grass were grown under experimental conditions for 12 and 16 weeks, respectively. The results showed that CO2 supplementation increased the dry weight of geranium ‘Pinto Premium Rose Bicolor’ and fountain grass by 35% and 39%, respectively. Under the two driest irrigation regimes (–10 and –15 kPa), photosynthesis of geranium ‘Pinto Premium Rose Bicolor’ increased with CO2 supplementation compared with the ambient condition. Similarly, for fountain grass, the moderately watered (–10 kPa) treatment had a greater rate of photosynthesis with greater fertilizer rates of 6 or 9 g. CO2 supplementation resulted in increased water use efficiency of both species, whereas rate of transpiration was lower only in fountain grass. Among different fertilizer rates, 6- or 9-g fertilizer rates had greater values for dry weight, number of flowers, and stomatal conductance in both species. Therefore, it can be concluded that CO2 supplementation can help in efficient use of water for greenhouse production of ornamental plants.

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Ambient and Elevated Carbon Dioxide on Growth, Physiological and Nutrient Uptake Parameters of Perennial Leguminous Cover Crops under Low Light Intensities

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Increased CO₂ and light intensity regulate growth and leaf gas exchange in tomato

Increased CO₂ and light intensity regulate growth and leaf gas exchange in tomato

Light Intensity Effects on the Growth, Physiological and Nutritional Parameters of Tropical Perennial Legume Cover Crops

Greenhouse Carbon Dioxide Supplementation with Irrigation and Fertilization Management of Geranium and Fountain Grass

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Ambient and Elevated Carbon Dioxide on Growth, Physiological and Nutrient Uptake Parameters of Perennial Leguminous Cover Crops under Low Light Intensities

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Increased CO2 and light intensity regulate growth and leaf gas exchange in tomato

Increased CO2 and light intensity regulate growth and leaf gas exchange in tomato

Light Intensity Effects on the Growth, Physiological and Nutritional Parameters of Tropical Perennial Legume Cover Crops

Greenhouse Carbon Dioxide Supplementation with Irrigation and Fertilization Management of Geranium and Fountain Grass

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Product

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Increased CO₂ and light intensity regulate growth and leaf gas exchange in tomato

Increased CO₂ and light intensity regulate growth and leaf gas exchange in tomato