Ambient air pollution as a new risk factor for cardiovascular diseases: Time to take action

Cicoira, Mariantonietta

doi:10.1177/2047487318770827

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…PM inhalation is an established trigger of CV events, 24 which may occur within hours or days after exposure. Indeed, short-term exposure to PM pollution contributes to acute CV morbidity and mortality; exposure to elevated long-term PM levels reduces life expectancy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term exposure to air pollution raises circulating levels of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 in obese individuals

Macchi

Ferri

Favero

et al. 2018

Eur J Prev Cardiolog

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Aims Exposure to airborne particulate matter has been consistently associated with early death and increased morbidity, particularly raising the risk of cardiovascular disease. Obesity, one of the leading cardiovascular disease risk factors, increases susceptibility to the adverse effects of particulate matter exposure. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 has been related to a large number of cardiovascular risk factors, e.g. atherogenic lipoproteins, arterial stiffness and platelet activation. Thus, the present study was aimed at evaluating, in a series of obese individuals, the effects of particulate matter less than 10 µm in diameter (PM10) on proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 circulating levels. Methods and results In 500 obese subjects, participating in the cross-sectional Susceptibility to Particle Health Effects, miRNAs and Exosomes (SPHERE) study, we evaluated the effects of long- and short-term PM10 exposure on circulating proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 levels. In the studied individuals (body mass index: 33.3 ± 5.2 kg/m2) with an annual average PM10 exposure of 40.12 ± 4.71 µg/m3, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 levels were 248.7 ± 78.6 ng/mL. In univariate analysis, PM10 exposure (annual average) was associated with proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 levels (β=1.83, standard error = 0.75, p = 0.014). Interestingly, in a multivariable linear regression model, this association was observed only for carriers of lower concentrations of interferon-γ, whereas it was lost in the presence of higher interferon-γ levels. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 levels were positively associated with the Framingham Risk Score, which was raised by 15.8% for each 100 ng/ml rise of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9. Conclusions In obese individuals, more sensitive to the damaging effects of environmental air pollution, PM10 exposure positively associates with proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 plasma levels especially in those with low levels of interferon-γ.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term exposure to air pollution raises circulating levels of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 in obese individuals

Macchi

Ferri

Favero

et al. 2018

Eur J Prev Cardiolog

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“…2 At the inaugural summit on air pollution and health in 2018, WHO established a target of preventing 7 million deaths worldwide from air pollution by 2030. 3 Air pollution is related to cardiovascular diseases, 4 chronic obstructive pulmonary, 5 and several types of tumors, such as lung, breast, oral, liver, kidney, prostate, bladder and ovarian, 6,7 it is thought to be responsible for 4.2 million premature deaths worldwide. 8 During the activation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) by cytochrome P 450 (CYP 450 ), a large quantity of reactive oxygen species and numerous electrophiles are produced, which relate covalently to DNA and disrupt cell homeostasis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of DNA Damage in Traffic Cops Exposed to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Pollution in Baghdad City Streets and its Association to Certain Biomarkers

Salem¹,

Al-Wasiti

Hasan

2022

J. Contemp. Med. Sci.

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Objectives: To find out the extent to which the genetic material of Baghdad traffic policemen is affected by the oxidative damage caused by pollutants by monitoring the levels of 8-OHdG compared to the levels of antioxidant enzymes and malondialdehyde. Methods: This study includes 140 participants; they have been divided into two groups (traffic police and office police). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were analyzed for each participant by GC/FID while 8-OHdG and antioxidant enzymes were measured by the ELISA technique. Results: The levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, 8-Oxo-dG, and malondialdehyde were elevated in the blood of the traffic police compared to the office police, while higher levels of antioxidant enzymes (Catalase and glutathione peroxidase) were observed in the blood of the office police. Conclusion: Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbones can cause oxidative stress through their metabolic derivatives and the resulting active molecules, which lead to the formation of 8-Oxo-dG and the reduction of enzymatic antioxidants, which may lead to the emergence of cancers.

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“…Air pollution is associated with cardiovascular diseases [3], chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [4], and specific types of cancers, such as oral, lung, breast, liver, bladder, kidney, prostate and ovarian [5–18], and is estimated to cause 4.2 million premature deaths globally [19]. Moreover, outdoor air pollution has been classified as a Group 1 carcinogen (carcinogenic to humans) by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between ambient air pollution and cancer incidence in Taiwan: an ecological study of geographical variations

Liaw

Jhuang

et al. 2019

BMC Public Health

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BackgroundAir pollution is a global public health concern. The World Health Organization has recently set up a goal of saving 7 million people globally by 2030 from air pollution related death. We conducted an ecological study of geographical variation to explore the association between air pollution (specifically, particulate matter <2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter [PM2.5], particulate matter <10 μm in aerodynamic diameter, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, nitric oxide, and ozone) and cancer incidence in Taiwan, from 2012 to 2016.MethodsIn this study, the yearly average concentrations of each air pollutant at 75 air quality monitoring stations were calculated, and using the kriging method, the concentrations were extrapolated to each and every geographical central point of 349 local administrative areas of Taiwan. Spearman rank correlation coefficients between the age-adjusted cancer incidence rates and various air pollutants were calculated by stratifying genders and urbanization degrees of the local administrative areas. A total of 70 correlation coefficients were calculated.ResultsIn total, 17 correlation coefficients were significantly positive at an alpha level of 0.05. Among these, four correlation coefficients between the age-adjusted cancer incidence rates and PM2.5 levels remained significant after Bonferroni correction. For men in developing towns, general towns, and aged towns and for women in aged towns, the age-adjusted cancer incidence rates increased 13.1 (95% confidence interval [CI], 8.8–17.6), 11 (95% CI, 5.6–16.4), 16.7 (95% CI, 6.9–26.4), and 11.9 (95% CI, 5.6–18.2) per 100,000 populations, respectively, for every 1 μg/m3 increment in PM2.5 concentrations.ConclusionsA significantly positive correlation was observed between the PM2.5 level and cancer incidence rate after multiple testing correction.

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Ambient air pollution as a new risk factor for cardiovascular diseases: Time to take action

Cited by 11 publications

References 8 publications

Long-term exposure to air pollution raises circulating levels of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 in obese individuals

Long-term exposure to air pollution raises circulating levels of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 in obese individuals

Evaluation of DNA Damage in Traffic Cops Exposed to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Pollution in Baghdad City Streets and its Association to Certain Biomarkers

Associations between ambient air pollution and cancer incidence in Taiwan: an ecological study of geographical variations

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