Amazonia: Landscape and Species Evolution

Hoorn, Carina; Wesselingh, Frank P.

doi:10.1002/9781444306408

Cited by 74 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…On the other hand, the WBC simulated for the GOV_2050 and BAU_2050 scenarios varies noticeably amongst all of them, especially for the SurfQ and GW (Figure 6), resulting in higher percent differences ( Figure 6). -2003-2010-1973GOV_2050-1973BAU_2050-1973. BAU_2050-1973and GOV_2050-1973 …”

Section: Streamflow Simulations Corresponding To Land Cover Scenariosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling the Effects of Historical and Future Land Cover Changes on the Hydrology of an Amazonian Basin

Abe

Lobo

Dibike

et al. 2018

Water

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Land cover changes (LCC) affect the water balance (WB), changing surface runoff (SurfQ), evapotranspiration (ET), groundwater (GW) regimes, and streamflow (Q). The Tapajós Basin (southeastern Amazon) has experienced LCC over the last 40 years, with increasing LCC rates projected for the near future. Several studies have addressed the effects of climate changes on the region's hydrology, but few have explored the effects of LCC on its hydrological regime. In this study, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was applied to model the LCC effects on the hydrology of the Upper Crepori River Basin (medium Tapajós Basin), using historical and projected LCC based on conservation policies (GOV_2050) and on the "Business as Usual" trend (BAU_2050). LCC that occurred from 1973 to 2012, increased Q by 2.5%, without noticeably altering the average annual WB. The future GOV_2050 and BAU_2050 scenarios increased SurfQ by 238.87% and 300.90%, and Q by 2.53% and 2.97%, respectively, and reduced GW by 4.00% and 5.21%, and ET by 2.07% and 2.43%, respectively. Results suggest that the increase in deforestation will intensify floods and low-flow events, and that the conservation policies considered in the GOV_2050 scenario may still compromise the region's hydrology at a comparable level to that of the BAU_2050.

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Section: Streamflow Simulations Corresponding To Land Cover Scenariosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling the Effects of Historical and Future Land Cover Changes on the Hydrology of an Amazonian Basin

Abe

Lobo

Dibike

et al. 2018

Water

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“…Before Late Miocene times, present-day Amazonia appears to have been part of a larger catchment that probably included the present-day Magdalena and Orinoco drainage basins [Hoorn et al, 2010]. Sedimentologic and paleontologic studies of the Amazonian foreland basin system show that the western and northwestern parts of this vast region were occupied during Paleogene times by extensive lowlands characterized by fluvial deposition with occasional marginal marine influence [Hoorn et al, 2010;Roddaz et al, 2010]. By Early Miocene times, lithologic provenance, sedimentary sequences, and paleotransport directions suggest that western Amazonia, a region occupied today by the low-lying sub-Andean foreland basins and by the intracratonic Solimões basin, was dominated by a northwesterly directed fluvial system with major clastic input from both the Guyana Shield and the Amazon craton [Hoorn et al, 2010].…”

Section: Amazon Catchment and Fanmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Evolution of the Amazonian basin suggests that some drainage reorganization occurred in Middle Miocene times [Roddaz et al, 2010;Hoorn et al, 2010]. In Paleogene times, the present-day Amazon basin was characterized by low relief topography apart from the Guyana and Amazon cratons, which formed the catchment areas of the easterly flowing proto-Amazon system (Figures 6 and 11).…”

Section: 1002/2017gc006909mentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and temporal uplift history of South America from calibrated drainage analysis

Tribaldos

White

Hoggard

2017

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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A multidisciplinary approach is used to analyze the Cenozoic uplift history of South America. Residual depth anomalies of oceanic crust abutting this continent help to determine the pattern of present‐day dynamic topography. Admittance analysis and crustal thickness measurements indicate that the elastic thickness of the Borborema and Altiplano regions is ≤10 km with evidence for sub‐plate support at longer wavelengths. A drainage inventory of 1827 river profiles is assembled and used to investigate landscape development. Linear inverse modeling enables river profiles to be fitted as a function of the spatial and temporal history of regional uplift. Erosional parameters are calibrated using observations from the Borborema Plateau and tested against continent‐wide stratigraphic and thermochronologic constraints. Our results predict that two phases of regional uplift of the Altiplano plateau occurred in Neogene times. Regional uplift of the southern Patagonian Andes also appears to have occurred in Early Miocene times. The consistency between observed and predicted histories for the Borborema, Altiplano, and Patagonian plateaux implies that drainage networks record coherent signals that are amenable to simple modeling strategies. Finally, the predicted pattern of incision across the Amazon catchment constrains solid sedimentary flux at the Foz do Amazonas. Observed and calculated flux estimates match, suggesting that erosion and deposition were triggered by regional Andean uplift during Miocene times.

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“…The immense biological diversity of the Neotropics is the net result of diversification histories of numerous individual lineages (Antonelli and Sanmartín, 2011;Hughes et al, 2013;Pennington et al, 2015). Plants and animals encompassing a wide spectrum of forms, life histories, and ecological tolerances have diversified in ecosystems ranging from high alpine-like conditions of the Andean Páramo, through to seasonally dry tropical forests and the humid forests of lowland Amazonia (Hoorn and Wesselingh, 2009;Hughes et al, 2013;Luebert and Weigend, 2014;Pennington et al, 2010). The dynamic geological and ecological contexts of Neotropical species radiations shift both in space and through time (Graham, 2011;Hughes et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even across seemingly similar ecosystems and organisms, there are differences in levels of biodiversity within the Neotropics. For example, comparing across Neotropical rainforests, tree alpha-diversity peaks in the wetter, less seasonal part of Western Amazonia (Hoorn et al, 2010;Hoorn and Wesselingh, 2009). Correlation of this diversity with particular current conditions, such as climate and soils, may suggest a causal link in sustaining, and perhaps even driving, diversity (Kristiansen et al, 2012;Stropp et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parallel diversifications ofCremastospermaandMosannona(Annonaceae), tropical rainforest trees tracking Neogene upheaval of the South American continent

Pirie

Maas

Wilschut

et al. 2017

Preprint

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This preprint has been reviewed and recommended by Peer Community In EvolutionaryBiology (http://dx.doi.org/10.24072/pci.evolbiol.100033). Much of the immense present day biological diversity of Neotropical rainforests originated from the Miocene onwards, a period of geological and ecological upheaval in South America. We assess the impact of the Andean orogeny, drainage of lake Pebas, and closure of the Panama Isthmus on two clades of trees (Cremastosperma, c. 31 spp.; and Mosannona, c. 14 spp.; both Annonaceae) found in humid forest distributed across the transition zones between the Andes and Western (lowland) Amazonia and between Central and South America. We inferred phylogenies based on c. 80% of recognised species of each clade using plastid and nuclear encoded sequence markers, revealing similar patterns of geographically restricted clades. Using molecular dating we showed that diversifications in the different areas occurred in parallel, with timing consistent with Andean vicariance and Central American geodispersal. In apparent contradiction of high dispersal abilities of rainforest trees, Cremastosperma clades within Amazonia are also geographically restricted, with a southern/montane clade that appears to have diversified along the foothills of the Andes sister to one of more northern/lowland species that diversified in a region once inundated by lake Pebas. Ecological niche modelling approaches show phylogenetically conserved niche differentiation, particularly within Cremastosperma. Niche similarity and recent common ancestry of Amazon and Guianan Mosannona . CC-BY 4.0 International license It is made available under a (which was not peer-reviewed) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity.The copyright holder for this preprint . http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/141127 doi: bioRxiv preprint first posted online 2 species contrasts with dissimilar niches and more distant ancestry of Amazon, Venezuelan and Guianan species of Cremastosperma suggesting that this element of the similar patterns of disjunct distributions in the two genera is instead a biogeographic parallelism, with differing origins. The results provide further independent evidence for the importance of the Andean orogeny, the drainage of Lake Pebas, and the formation of links between South and Central America in the evolutionary history of Neotropical lowland rainforest trees.

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Amazonia: Landscape and Species Evolution

Cited by 74 publications

References 53 publications

Modelling the Effects of Historical and Future Land Cover Changes on the Hydrology of an Amazonian Basin

Modelling the Effects of Historical and Future Land Cover Changes on the Hydrology of an Amazonian Basin

Spatial and temporal uplift history of South America from calibrated drainage analysis

Parallel diversifications ofCremastospermaandMosannona(Annonaceae), tropical rainforest trees tracking Neogene upheaval of the South American continent

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