Amaryllidaceae and Sceletium alkaloids

Jin, Zhong

doi:10.1039/b718044f

Cited by 157 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 101 publications

(89 reference statements)

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“…It is rich of the secondary metabolites such as Amaryllidaceae-type alkaloids, and is widely used for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). The Amaryllidaceae-type alkaloids which are isolated from Lycoris genus have been reported to exhibit immunostimulatory, anti-malarial, tumor, and viral activities (Jin, 2009). For example, as one of the typical Amaryllidaceae alkaloids, galanthamine is a kind of reversible inhibitor of cholinesterase to increase acetylcholine sensitivity, and it has also been clinically used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (Harvey, 1995; Bores et al, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome Analysis of Secondary Metabolism Pathway, Transcription Factors, and Transporters in Response to Methyl Jasmonate in Lycoris aurea

Wang

et al. 2017

Front. Plant Sci.

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Lycoris aurea, a medicinal species of the Amaryllidaceae family, is used in the practice of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) because of its broad pharmacological activities of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids. Despite the officinal and economic importance of Lycoris species, the secondary mechanism for this species is relatively deficient. In this study, we attempted to characterize the transcriptome profiling of L. aurea seedlings with the methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatment to uncover the molecular mechanisms regulating plant secondary metabolite pathway. By using short reads sequencing technology (Illumina), two sequencing cDNA libraries prepared from control (Con) and 100 μM MeJA-treated (MJ100) samples were sequenced. A total of 26,809,842 and 25,874,478 clean reads in the Con and MJ100 libraries, respectively, were obtained and assembled into 59,643 unigenes. Among them, 41,585 (69.72%) unigenes were annotated by basic local alignment search tool similarity searches against public sequence databases. These included 55 Gene Ontology (GO) terms, 128 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways, and 25 Clusters of Orthologous Groups (COG) families. Additionally, 4,175 differentially expressed genes (DEGs; false discovery rate ≤ 0.001 and |log2 Ratio| ≥ 1) with 2,291 up-regulated and 1,884 down-regulated, were found to be affected significantly under MeJA treatment. Subsequently, the DEGs encoding key enzymes involving in the secondary metabolite biosynthetic pathways, transcription factors, and transporter proteins were also analyzed and summarized. Meanwhile, we confirmed the altered expression levels of the unigenes that encode transporters and transcription factors using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). With this transcriptome sequencing, future genetic and genomics studies related to the molecular mechanisms associated with the chemical composition of L. aurea may be improved. Additionally, the genes involved in the enrichment of secondary metabolite biosynthesis-related pathways could enhance the potential applications of L. aurea.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome Analysis of Secondary Metabolism Pathway, Transcription Factors, and Transporters in Response to Methyl Jasmonate in Lycoris aurea

Wang

et al. 2017

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…Alkaloids were classified to type according to the hypothetical biosynthetic pathways proposed by Jin [45,46]. Marvin was used for drawing and displaying chemical structures, Marvin 5.9.0, 2012, ChemAxon (http://www.chemaxon.com).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can phylogeny predict chemical diversity and potential medicinal activity of plants? A case study of amaryllidaceae

et al. 2012

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BackgroundDuring evolution, plants and other organisms have developed a diversity of chemical defences, leading to the evolution of various groups of specialized metabolites selected for their endogenous biological function. A correlation between phylogeny and biosynthetic pathways could offer a predictive approach enabling more efficient selection of plants for the development of traditional medicine and lead discovery. However, this relationship has rarely been rigorously tested and the potential predictive power is consequently unknown.ResultsWe produced a phylogenetic hypothesis for the medicinally important plant subfamily Amaryllidoideae (Amaryllidaceae) based on parsimony and Bayesian analysis of nuclear, plastid, and mitochondrial DNA sequences of over 100 species. We tested if alkaloid diversity and activity in bioassays related to the central nervous system are significantly correlated with phylogeny and found evidence for a significant phylogenetic signal in these traits, although the effect is not strong.ConclusionsSeveral genera are non-monophyletic emphasizing the importance of using phylogeny for interpretation of character distribution. Alkaloid diversity and in vitro inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and binding to the serotonin reuptake transporter (SERT) are significantly correlated with phylogeny. This has implications for the use of phylogenies to interpret chemical evolution and biosynthetic pathways, to select candidate taxa for lead discovery, and to make recommendations for policies regarding traditional use and conservation priorities.

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“…There are still new alkaloids being discovered in this group and even novel carbon skeletons with great potential to contribute to the list of known biologically active compounds. A diversity of carbon skeletons are known for this group of alkaloids including hostasinine, belladine, galanthamine, crinine, lycorine, galanthindole, homolycorine, galasine, montanine, cripowellin, cherylline, buflavine, plicamine, tazettine, graciline, augustamine, pancratistatin, and gracilamine (Jin, 2009) (Figure 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6). Many of these compounds are of potential pharmacological significance and their production through biological means is an area of great interest.…”

Section: Amaryllidaceae Alkaloidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Amaryllidaceae alkaloids: biosynthesis and methods for enzyme discovery

Kilgore

Kutchan

2015

Phytochem Rev

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Amaryllidaceae alkaloids are an example of the vast diversity of secondary metabolites with great therapeutic promise. The identification of novel compounds in this group with over 300 known structures continues to be an area of active study. The recent identification of norbelladine 4′-O-methyltransferase (N4OMT), an Amaryllidaceae alkaloid biosynthetic enzyme, and the assembly of transcriptomes for Narcissus sp. aff. pseudonarcissus and Lycoris aurea highlight the potential for discovery of Amaryllidaceae alkaloid biosynthetic genes with new technologies. Recent technical advances of interest include those in enzymology, next generation sequencing, genetic modification, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), and mass spectrometry (MS).

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Amaryllidaceae and Sceletium alkaloids

Cited by 157 publications

References 101 publications

Transcriptome Analysis of Secondary Metabolism Pathway, Transcription Factors, and Transporters in Response to Methyl Jasmonate in Lycoris aurea

Transcriptome Analysis of Secondary Metabolism Pathway, Transcription Factors, and Transporters in Response to Methyl Jasmonate in Lycoris aurea

Can phylogeny predict chemical diversity and potential medicinal activity of plants? A case study of amaryllidaceae

The Amaryllidaceae alkaloids: biosynthesis and methods for enzyme discovery

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