Amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus L.) and canola (Brassica napus L.) oil impact on the oxidative metabolism of neutrophils in the obese patients*

Abstract

Context: Amaranth and canola oils have been used traditionally. Amaranth has been identified as being of interest because of its outstanding nutritive value. Amaranth oil is a rich source of highly unsaturated fats and so could be a valuable dietary alternative for individuals affected with obesity. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are postulated to be involved in systemic inflammation and oxidative stress. Activated polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) generate high amounts of reactive oxygen species. Objective: Our study investigates the impact of amaranth and canola oils supplementation on oxidative metabolism in patients with obesity. We hypothesized that, due to its lipid-lowering and antioxidant properties, amaranth and canola oil would protect against oxidative stress. Materials and methods: We tested 19 obese patients [body mass index (BMI) = 41.1 ± 7.8 kg/m 2 , (mean ± SD)]. The protocol consisted of two stages: a run-in phase of 2 weeks and an experimental stage – canola or amaranth oil supplementation (20 mL/d) with calorie restriction diet for 3 weeks. The neutrophil oxidative burst was expressed by fluorescence intensity (IF). Results: The oxidative burst had increased significantly at the end of treatment in both groups IF: (21.4 ± 11.15 vs. 35.9 ± 20.3; mean ± SD) p < 0.05. The levels of IF were significantly higher in neutrophils of patients who received canola oil (41.05 ± 25.3) compared to those who received amaranth oil (28.4 ± 11.8) p < 0.05. Conclusions: Canola oil exerts possible effects on oxidative burst activity in neutrophils in vivo conditions.

Dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids improve endothelial markers in metabolic syndrome: A systematic review

“…Flaxseed oil, as a functional food, represents one of the major sources of n-3 PUFAs. Besides, rapeseed oil, is also employed in dietary interventions and it is rich in plant polyphenols, phytosterols, tocopherols, and other lipid bioactive compounds; all of these are nutrients with endothelial protective effects through the inhibition of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production 57 . Both oils have been implicated as positive mediators against CVD and insulin resistance, being an ideal source of fat 58,59,60 .…”

Bioactive Potential of Brazilian Plants Used as Food with Emphasis on Leaves and Roots

“…In recent studies this species has shown important results as intestinal anti-inflammatory (Arunachalam et al 2020), anti-gastric ulcers (Silva Junior et al 2016), and anticancer (Iwamoto et al 2015). Other six species were also cited by Vellozo and have shown positive results in studies of bioactivity (Table 2), Sesuvium portulacastrum (L.) L. (Aizoaceae), which has antioxidant and antimicrobial activities (Al-azzawi et al 2012;Chandrasekaran et al 2011); Amaranthus cruentus L. (Amaranthaceae) which is anti-inflammatory (Tang and Tsao 2017) and useful in management of obesity (Kanikowska et al 2019); A. viridis L., which has antioxidant properties and has high nutritional potential (Sarker and Oba 2019;Silva et al 2018); Sochus oleraceus L. (Asteraceae), that also has activity as antioxidant (Mawalagedera et al 2016) and as anti-aging agent (Ou et al 2015); and Pereskia aculeata Mill. (Cactaceae), that has antioxidant and antimicrobial activities (Garcia et al 2019;Souza et al 2016) and improves intestinal motility and lipid profile (Barbalho et al 2016).…”

Potential of enhancing anti-obesogenic agriceuticals by applying sustainable fertilizers during plant cultivation

“…A. caudatus grown with 50 ppm of AgNPs led to the highest flavonoid composition, being kaempferol and quercetin the most abundant flavonoids in A. caudatus. Various authors have associated the phenolic and flavonoid content of Amaranthus species with anti-obesogenic activity (Kanikowska et al, 2019;Yuniarto et al, 2020;Prince et al, 2021). Prince et al (2021) observed significant reductions in weight gain, organ weight, abdominal fat deposition, liver fat infiltration and steatosis, and improvements in glucose tolerance, hepatic antioxidant levels, and lipid parameters in high-carbohydrate-high-fat diet-fed obese rats administered with Amaranthus powder.…”