Amanitin and phallotoxin concentration in Amanita phalloides var. alba mushroom

Kaya, Ertuğrul; Yılmaz, İsmail; Sinirlioglu, Z. A.; Karahan, Selim; Bayram, Recep; Yaykaşlı, Kürşat Oğuz; Çolakoğlu, Serdar; Sarıtaş, Ayhan; Североглу, Зеки

doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2013.10.008

Cited by 46 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 26 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…fuliginea, A. pallidorosea and A. rimosa were analyzed and the results are in agreement with the previous reports in A. phalloides (Enjalbert et al, , 1996(Enjalbert et al, , 1999Kaya et al, 2015), in A. phalloides var. alba (Kaya et al, 2013) and in A.…”

Section: Distribution Of Amatoxins and Phallotoxins In Different Lethmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Later, HPLC method combined with UV absorbance or mass spectrometry was widely applied to various Amanita mushrooms, including European and North American species such as A. phalloides (Enjalbert et al, , 1996(Enjalbert et al, , 1999Sgambelluri et al, 2014;Kaya et al, 2015), A. phalloides var. alba (Kaya et al, 2013), A. bisporigera (Mcknight et al, 2010) and A. virosa (Ahmed et al, 2010;Sgambelluri et al, 2014), and the Eastern Asian species such as A. exitialis (Hu et al, 2012), A. subjunquillea (Bao et al, 2005), A. fuliginea (Chen et al, 2003) and A. pallidorosea (Wang et al, 2011). However, most of these studies focused on a small subset of the cyclopeptides，mainly α-, β-amanitin and/or phalloidin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Cyclopeptide toxins of lethal amanitas: Compositions, distribution and phylogenetic implication

Tang

Zhou

et al. 2016

Toxicon

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Lethal amanitas (Amanita sect. Phalloideae) are responsible for 90% of all fatal mushroom poisonings. Since 2000, more than ten new lethal Amanita species have been discovered and some of them had caused severe mushroom poisonings in China. However, the contents and distribution of cyclopeptides in these lethal mushrooms remain poorly known. In this study, the diversity of major cyclopeptide toxins in seven Amanita species from Eastern Asia and three species from Europe and North America were systematically analyzed, and a new approach to inferring phylogenetic relationships using cyclopeptide profile was evaluated for the first time. The results showed that there were diversities of the cyclopeptides among lethal Amanita species, and cyclopeptides from Amanita rimosa and Amanita fuligineoides were reported for the first time. The amounts of amatoxins in East Asian Amanita species were significantly higher than those in European and North American species. The analysis of distribution of amatoxins and phallotoxins in various Amanita species demonstrated that the content of phallotoxins was higher than that of amatoxins in Amanita phalloides and Amanita virosa. In contrast, the content of phallotoxins was significantly lower than that of amatoxins in all East Asian lethal Amanita species tested. However, the distribution of amatoxins and phallotoxins in different tissues showed the same tendency. Eight cyclopeptides and three unknown compounds were identified using cyclopeptide standards and high-resolution MS. Based on the cyclopeptide profiles, phylogenetic relationships of lethal amanitas were inferred through a dendrogram generated by UPGMA method. The results showed high similarity to the phylogeny established previously based on the multi-locus DNA sequences.

show abstract

Section: Distribution Of Amatoxins and Phallotoxins In Different Lethmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyclopeptide toxins of lethal amanitas: Compositions, distribution and phylogenetic implication

Tang

Zhou

et al. 2016

Toxicon

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The gills and pileus contained the highest concentrations of amatoxin and phallotoxin. 8,9 The determination of the toxin content in parts and different species of A. phalloides mushroom is important in that it may serve as a guide to the amount of toxin ingested at times of poisoning. 3,8,17 Early and comprehensive treatment is very important in case of mushroom poisoning, making this information even more valuable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Case Study: What Doses of Amanita phalloides and Amatoxins Are Lethal to Humans?

Yılmaz

Ermış

Akata

et al. 2015

Wilderness & Environmental Medicine

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

There are few data estimating the human lethal dose of amatoxins or of the toxin level present in ingested raw poisonous mushrooms. Here, we present a patient who intentionally ingested several wild collected mushrooms to assess whether they were poisonous. Nearly 1 day after ingestion, during which the patient had nausea and vomiting, he presented at the emergency department. His transaminase levels started to increase starting from hour 48 and peaking at hour 72 (alanine aminotransferase 2496 IU/L; aspartate aminotransferase 1777 IU/L). A toxin analysis was carried out on the mushrooms that the patient said he had ingested. With reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography analysis, an uptake of approximately 21.3 mg amatoxin from nearly 50 g mushroom was calculated; it consisted of 11.9 mg alpha amanitin, 8.4 mg beta amanitin, and 1 mg gamma amanitin. In the urine sample taken on day 4, 2.7 ng/mL alpha amanitin and 1.25 ng/mL beta amanitin were found, and there was no gamma amanitin. Our findings suggest that the patient ingested approximately 0.32 mg/kg amatoxin, and fortunately recovered after serious hepatotoxicity developed.

show abstract

“…One of the main problems with poisoning around the world is the lack of awareness about toxin content in mushrooms. If the content of a mushroom is shown in detail, deadly mushroom poisoning can be prevented through early diagnosis and effective treatment [15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigations into <i>Amanita ovoidea</i> (Bull.) Link.: Edible or Poisonous?

Biagi¹,

Martelli²,

Perini³

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

It is widely known that the genus Amanita includes various taxa: edible and inedible, dangerous and sometimes even deadly species. Despite the number of studies carried out on this genus, the toxicity of some species, such as the group of white fungi, remains dubious. Hence Amanita ovoidea (Bull.) Link. is considered as edible and even tasty both popularly and in some scientific publications, and as poisonous in others, having caused various cases of poisoning. This study stems from a case of poisoning by A. ovoidea in Siena (Italy). Tests were performed with the aim of finding a scientific answer regarding the real edibility or inedibility of A. ovoidea. Analyses included phytochemical screening, toxicological tests on human ex vivo peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and measurements of soil and mushroom pollution by heavy metals.

show abstract

Amanitin and phallotoxin concentration in Amanita phalloides var. alba mushroom

Cited by 46 publications

References 26 publications

Cyclopeptide toxins of lethal amanitas: Compositions, distribution and phylogenetic implication

Cyclopeptide toxins of lethal amanitas: Compositions, distribution and phylogenetic implication

A Case Study: What Doses of Amanita phalloides and Amatoxins Are Lethal to Humans?

Investigations into <i>Amanita ovoidea</i> (Bull.) Link.: Edible or Poisonous?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Amanitin and phallotoxin concentration in Amanita phalloides var. alba mushroom

Cited by 46 publications

References 26 publications

Cyclopeptide toxins of lethal amanitas: Compositions, distribution and phylogenetic implication

Cyclopeptide toxins of lethal amanitas: Compositions, distribution and phylogenetic implication

A Case Study: What Doses of Amanita phalloides and Amatoxins Are Lethal to Humans?

Investigations into &lt;i&gt;Amanita ovoidea&lt;/i&gt; (Bull.) Link.: Edible or Poisonous?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Investigations into <i>Amanita ovoidea</i> (Bull.) Link.: Edible or Poisonous?