Amalgamation of Satellite Remote Sensing and Geophysical Prospection for the Investigation of Ancient Cities: Two Case Studies from Demetrias and Pherai at the Region of Magnesia, Thessaly, Greece

Sarris, Apostolos; Donati, Jamieson C.; Kalaycı, Tuna; Simon, François‐Xavier; Manataki, Meropi; Garcia, CL; Cantoro, Gianluca

doi:10.3997/2214-4609.201414160

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…About 6-7 NW-SE streets were identified, having a width of about 6-7 m (Figure 12). Sections of the particular features are also visible in the high-resolution Quickbird and GeoEye-1 satellite image (the latter is not reported in this study), and in historical aerial photographs acquired from the 1960s and 1970s [29]. As the image is multispectral, we derived a set of broadband indices which differ from the ones analysed in the previous cases.…”

Section: Ferai (Velestino)mentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Various geophysical prospection surveys have been conducted in particular by the GeoSat ReSeArch Lab of FORTH, focusing on the Neolithic settlements of Bakalis and Velestino, the Hypereia spring and the Hellenistic stoa. In 2014, a more extensive survey aiming towards the study of the urban development of the site was carried out at the northern sections of the village, where the northern limits of the ancient Greek settlement were expected [29]. A high resolution spaceborne satellite image acquired on the 15th of June 2009 on the site by the Quickbird sensor is avalaible.…”

Section: Ferai (Velestino)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Objective Assessment of Hyperspectral Indicators for the Detection of Buried Archaeological Relics

et al. 2018

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Hyperspectral images can highlight crop marks in vegetated areas, which may indicate the presence of underground buried structures, by exploiting the spectral information conveyed in reflected solar radiation. In recent years, different vegetation indices and several other image features have been used, with varying success, to improve the interpretation of remotely sensed images for archaeological research. However, it is difficult to assess the derived maps quantitatively and select the most meaningful one for a given task, in particular for a non-specialist in image processing. This paper estimates for the first time objectively the suitability of maps derived from spectral features for the detection of buried archaeological structures in vegetated areas based on information theory. This is achieved by computing the statistical dependence between the extracted features and a digital map indicating the presence of buried structures using information theoretical notions. Based on the obtained scores on known targets, the features can be ranked and the most suitable can be chosen to aid in the discovery of previously undetected crop marks in the area under similar conditions. Three case studies are reported: the Roman buried remains of Carnuntum (Austria), the underground structures of Selinunte in the South of Italy, and the buried street relics of Pherai (Velestino) in central Greece.

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Section: Ferai (Velestino)mentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Ferai (Velestino)mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Objective Assessment of Hyperspectral Indicators for the Detection of Buried Archaeological Relics

et al. 2018

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“…ERT is also valuable when either deep depositional targets (e.g. ancient ports covered by alluvial deposits, ditches and palaeochannels) or offshore archaeological features are the target of investigations (Sarris et al 2014;Tonkov 2014;Simyrdanis et al 2015). …”

Section: Electrical Resistance Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Introduction to Geophysical and Geochemical Methods in Digital Geoarchaeology

Sarris

Kalaycı

Moffat

et al. 2017

Natural Science in Archaeology

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“…Figure14.7 Indicative results from the EMI survey (GEM2) at the Neolithic site of Almyros 2 at Thessaly, Greece representing the soil conductivity (a), which suggests a higher conductivity to the southern side of the tell (indicative of the flooding zone) and the magnetic susceptibility (b) that outline the surrounding ditches and some of the details of the structural remains of the core of the settlement(Sarris et al 2015a) …”

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confidence: 99%

“…(d) Multisensory survey of Almyriotiki Neolithic tell at Central Greece. Results have been superimposed on a WorldView-2-satellite image (2 June 2012)(Sarris et al 2015a)…”

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confidence: 99%

An Introduction to Geophysical and Geochemical Methods in Digital Geoarchaeology

Sarris¹,

Kalaycı²,

Moffat³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Archaeological geophysics is a range of techniques for the minimally invasive, remote investigation of the physical parameters of the nearsurface environment. This suite of methods is complementary to archaeological survey or excavation as it can provide information about the stratigraphy of the survey area, locate anthropogenic traces of the past, document their spatial dimensions and—under ideal conditions—explore the physical properties of subsurface materials. Both material culture items such as a building foundations and indirect indications of anthropogenic activity such as subsurface disturbance or evidence of burning are excellent direct targets for geophysical investigations since they can be differentiated on the basis of their material properties from the wider soil context. In addition to directly locating archaeological material, geophysical techniques can make an important contribution to geoarchaeological investigations by elucidating the site stratigraphy and mapping its lateral geometry. In some cases, such as when locating prehistoric material buried offshore or within open Palaeolithic sites, the reconstruction of past landscapes may make a more important contribution to archaeological investigations than the direct geophysical detection of archaeological materials.Different material culture items have characteristic physical properties (such as electrical resistance or conductivity, magnetic susceptibility) and so require different instrumentation for effective detection. The main techniques for archaeological prospection include magnetometer, resistance meter, magnetic susceptibility meter, ground-penetrating radar and electromagnetic induction meter. Apart from that, seismic methods (reflection and refraction seismics), gamma spectroscopy and gravity techniques are also used in certain circumstances. Unfortunately, there is no standard approach for the application of one specific geophysical method for all archaeological materials in all geological environments. The success of geophysical prospection techniques depends on a combination of soil and sediment characteristics as well as depth below surface and preservation of archaeological findings. In order to achieve the most reliable results and enhance the chance of detecting archaeological material, an integrated, multi-method approach is suggested.In addition to field surveying, the effective processing of measured geophysical data is a crucial part of the interpretation process. Data processing aims to enhance signals of interest in order to better delineate archaeological and geological features. It helps to produce more interpretable results and therefore facilitates and fosters collaboration between geophysicists and archaeologists.

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Amalgamation of Satellite Remote Sensing and Geophysical Prospection for the Investigation of Ancient Cities: Two Case Studies from Demetrias and Pherai at the Region of Magnesia, Thessaly, Greece

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

An Objective Assessment of Hyperspectral Indicators for the Detection of Buried Archaeological Relics

An Objective Assessment of Hyperspectral Indicators for the Detection of Buried Archaeological Relics

An Introduction to Geophysical and Geochemical Methods in Digital Geoarchaeology

An Introduction to Geophysical and Geochemical Methods in Digital Geoarchaeology

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