Amalgamation of DNAzymes and Nanozymes in a Coronazyme

Abstract

Artificial enzymes such as nanozymes and DNAzymes are economical and stable alternatives to natural enzymes. By coating Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) with a DNA corona (AuNP@DNA), we amalgamated nanozymes and DNAzymes into a new artificial enzyme with catalytic efficiency 5 times higher than AuNP nanozymes, 10 times higher than other nanozymes, and significantly greater than most of the DNAzymes on the same oxidation reaction. The AuNP@ DNA demonstrates excellent specificity as its reactivity on a reduction reaction does not change with respect to pristine AuNP. Single-molecule fluorescence and force spectroscopies and density functional theory (DFT) simulations indicate a long-range oxidation reaction initiated by radical production on the AuNP surface, followed by radical transport to the DNA corona, where the binding and turnover of substrates take place. The AuNP@DNA is named coronazyme because of its natural enzyme mimicking capability through the well-orchestrated structures and synergetic functions. By incorporating different nanocores and corona materials beyond DNAs, we anticipate that the coronazymes represent generic enzyme mimics to carry out versatile reactions in harsh environments.

Single-Molecule Spectroscopy Reveals the Plasmon-Assisted Nanozyme Catalysis on AuNR@TiO2

“…Subsequently, the fluorescence signals were analyzed using ThunderSTORM, , in conjunction with our custom-written Matlab programs. Detailed procedures for data processing are shown in the Supporting Information …”

A comprehensive exploration of the latest innovations for advancements in enhancing selectivity of nanozymes for theranostic nanoplatforms

“…Zuo et al introduced an inventive approach involving the modification of AuNPs with DNAzymes, leading to the development of highly efficient and selective nano-zymes. 146 They utilized a DNA hairpin with two poly(adenosine) internal loops in its stem to bind with AuNPs and form a corona structure, resulting in the creation of novel coronazymes (Fig. 11aA).…”

From Molecules to Classrooms: A Comprehensive Guide to Single-Molecule Localization Microscopy

“…Single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM), or single-molecule super-resolution microscopy, is an interdisciplinary technique transforming our understanding of the microscopic world. , This powerful tool enables the investigations of protein behaviors and functions at the cellular level − and elucidation of molecular dynamics within catalysts or the catalyst–enzyme interface. − SMLM provides nanoscale insights into material structures, helping surface preparation, , revealing critical defects at the atomic level, and offering real-time observation of intricate self-assembly processes. , Recent integration with electrochemical analyses further allows capture of ionic current signals, fluorescence images, optical spectra, and photocurrent intensity in the nanopore systems. , However, SMLM can be difficult for undergraduate and graduate students to comprehend due to its reliance on knowledge of wave optics, instrumentation, and software development. We developed a comprehensive teaching approach to bridge this educational gap that combines theoretical instruction with practical learning.…”