Alzheimer's Disease: Clinical and Pathological Characteristics

Jones, Ashby; Richardson, Jeremy

doi:10.3109/00207459008987168

Cited by 16 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…Numerous biochemical and histological studies of Alzheimer's disease have observed a variety of changes in Alzheimer's tissue in addition to the classic neuropathological signs (for a recent review, see Jones and Richardson, 1990). Besides the senile plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, Hirano bodies, granulovacuolar inclusions, and sites of congophilic angiopathy, tissue from Alzheimer's patients also shows condensed chromatin (Lewis et al,198 l ) , reduced DNA expression (McLachlan and Lewis, 1985), and increased membrane permeability in several cell types (Zubenko, 1986;Elovaara et al, 1987;Zubenko et al, 1987).…”

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Autopsy Samples of Alzheimer's Cortex Show Increased Peroxidation In Vitro

Subbarao

Richardson

Ang

1990

Journal of Neurochemistry

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415

175

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The formation of thiobarbituric acid-reactive products was measured as an index of peroxidation by oxygen free radicals in homogenates of frontal cortex and cerebellum from brains taken at autopsy and verified histologically as being Alzheimer's (n = 6) or normal (n = 6). Compared with controls, basal peroxidation is significantly higher in Alzheimer's cortex, and this difference is also evident in the presence of exogenous iron. Peroxidation in cerebellum and levels of total glutathione, RNA, and DNA in cortex and cerebellum do not differ significantly between Alzheimer's brain and controls. Iron-induced peroxidation in cortex is reduced by the lazaroid U-74500A, with calculated IC50 values that are significantly higher in Alzheimer's samples (10 microM) than in controls (2.5 microM). These observations suggest that cerebral cortex from Alzheimer's patients differs from controls with respect to in vitro peroxidation.

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confidence: 99%

Autopsy Samples of Alzheimer's Cortex Show Increased Peroxidation In Vitro

Subbarao

Richardson

Ang

1990

Journal of Neurochemistry

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415

175

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“…As a definite diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease still requires micropathologic evidence (Jones and Richardson, 1990), other attributes of the condition become increasingly important in deriving a probable diagnosis in the living patient. Dementia, one of its cardinal aspects, can be observed in a number of other medical conditions including depressive illness.…”

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confidence: 99%

Primary or depressive dementia: Clinical features

desRosiers

1992

Int J Geriat Psychiatry

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SUMMARYIn 1979, Wells tabled a list of 'major clinical features' which he found most useful in distinguishing dementia due to organic disease from dementia occurring in the context of psychiatric conditions like depression. This article reviews recent findings on the most commonly accepted items of this list and, for several of them, concludes that the evidence is controversial. Newer aspects are then briefly considered which, when validated in longitudinal studies, may add to the clinician's range of implements during diagnostic workup.

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“…It is defined as a neurodegenerative disease which is characterized by a progressive loss of intellectual abilities (memory, reasoning, judgement, perception and orientation), increased propensity to emotional disabilities (unexplained bouts of depression, anxiety, agitation or uncharacteristic indifference and apathy) and gradual decline of personality (McKhann, Drachman, Folstein, Katzman, Price and Stadlan, 1984;Jones and Richardson, 1990). It is defined as a neurodegenerative disease which is characterized by a progressive loss of intellectual abilities (memory, reasoning, judgement, perception and orientation), increased propensity to emotional disabilities (unexplained bouts of depression, anxiety, agitation or uncharacteristic indifference and apathy) and gradual decline of personality (McKhann, Drachman, Folstein, Katzman, Price and Stadlan, 1984;Jones and Richardson, 1990).…”

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Importance of Immunological and Inflammatory Processes in the Pathogenesis and THERAPY of Alzheimer's Disease

Popovic

Caballero-Bleda

Puelles

et al. 1998

International Journal of Neuroscience

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The contribution of autoimmune processes or inflammatory components in the etiology and pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been suspected for many years. The presence of antigen-presenting, HLA-DR-positive and other immunoregulatory cells, components of complement, inflammatory cytokines and acute phase reactants have been established in tissue of AD neuropathology. Although these data do not confirm the immune response as a primary cause of AD, they indicate involvement of immune processes at least as a secondary or tertiary reaction to the preexisting pathogen and point out its driving-force role in AD pathogenesis. These processes may contribute to systemic immune response. Thus, experimental and clinical studies indicate impairments in both humoral and cellular immunity in an animal model of AD as well as in AD patients. On the other hand, anti-inflammatory drugs applied for the treatment of some chronic inflammatory diseases have been shown to reduce risk of AD in these patients. Therefore, it seems that anti-inflammatory drugs and other substances which can control the activity of immunocompetent cells and the level of endogenous immune response can be valuable in the treatment of AD patients.

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Alzheimer's Disease: Clinical and Pathological Characteristics

Cited by 16 publications

References 78 publications

Autopsy Samples of Alzheimer's Cortex Show Increased Peroxidation In Vitro

Autopsy Samples of Alzheimer's Cortex Show Increased Peroxidation In Vitro

Primary or depressive dementia: Clinical features

Importance of Immunological and Inflammatory Processes in the Pathogenesis and THERAPY of Alzheimer's Disease

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