Always Aggregate

Horton, Joe

doi:10.1111/papa.12116

Cited by 32 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…There is ample literature on the question of what role aggregation should play in contractualist theory (Horton, 2018;Munoz-Darde, 2013;Reibetanz, 1998). 13.…”

Section: Regulation Is Ineffectivementioning

confidence: 99%

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The rat race and working time regulation

Jauch

2020

Politics, Philosophy & Economics

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To what extent, if at all, should a just society adopt public policies that regulate and limit the amount of time people work? Attempts to answer this question face a dilemma: Either, we can adopt a laissez-faire view, according to which governments must refrain from imposing working time policies on the labour market. But this view generates a situation in which many citizens experience deep regret about the balance between work and leisure in their lives. Or, we can endorse an interventionist view that advocates government imposition of working time policies. However, such a view appears to be objectionably perfectionist insofar as it imposes on citizens a particular conception of the ideal balance between work and leisure. This article proposes a way out of this dilemma. It shows that the interventionist view can be defended on the anti-perfectionist grounds that this helps address a collective action problem in the labour market – the working time rat race. Employers often use working time as a proxy for their employees’ productivity and commitment. Those who work particularly long hours are often awarded benefits such as raises or promotions or are spared from dismissals. This makes it individually rational for each worker to work extra hours in an attempt to outcompete colleagues. However, if many workers pursue this strategy, it loses its effectiveness. Workers with preferences for more leisure have a claim to state intervention to remove the rat race when this doesn’t impose disproportionate harm on third parties.

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“…There is ample literature on the question of what role aggregation should play in contractualist theory (Horton, 2018;Munoz-Darde, 2013;Reibetanz, 1998). 13.…”

Section: Regulation Is Ineffectivementioning

confidence: 99%

“… 12. It is beyond the scope of this article to explain and defend this version of the Complaint Model. There is ample literature on the question of what role aggregation should play in contractualist theory (Horton, 2018; Munoz-Darde, 2013; Reibetanz, 1998). …”

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confidence: 99%

The rat race and working time regulation

Jauch

2020

Politics, Philosophy & Economics

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“…Kamm (2015) rejects this approach. 5 In response to Horton (2018), Tadros (2019, Section IV) refined his own version somewhat. 6 For an alternative OLA-inspired response to Tadros, see Horton (2018).…”

Section: An Alternative Version Of Local Relevancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…14 This has been proposed in discussed by both Victor Tadros and Alec Walen. 15 In response to Horton (2018), Tadros accepts that sometimes adding claims of unequal numbers but equal strength should cause us to switch to saving the group to which fewer claims have been added. However, as we have stressed here, he accepts the intuition that this is unacceptable in cases such as Case 6 and 6*.…”

Section: An Alternative Version Of Local Relevancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Kamm's discussion clearly indicates that lesser claims must compete with left-overs but is ambiguous between our Full Claim Relevance and Partial Relevance. 20 We draw here on cases presented in Horton (2018), though we put them to different ends here. 21 We are grateful to Bastian Steuwer for pressing this worry.…”

Section: An Alternative Version Of Local Relevancementioning

confidence: 99%

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Relevance Rides Again?

Gils¹,

Tomlin²

2020

Oxford Studies in Political Philosophy Volume 6

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Often institutions or individuals are faced with decisions where not all claims can be satisfied. Sometimes, these claims will be of differing strength. In such cases, it must be decided whether or not weaker claims can be aggregated in order to collectively defeat stronger claims. Many are attracted to a view, which this chapter calls Limited Aggregation, where this is sometimes acceptable and sometimes not. A new version of this view, Local Relevance, has recently emerged. This chapter seeks to explore and evaluate this view. In order to do so, the chapter offers a more precise interpretation of this basic approach, calling it ‘Sequential Claims-Matching’. The chapter shows how Sequential Claims-Matching avoids problems that dog other Limited Aggregation views but suffers from difficulties and ambiguities of its own. In particular, the chapter shows that it is hard to accommodate some core Limited Aggregation intuitions around tie-break cases within the Local Relevance view.

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Consequentialism and Climate Change

Cecchinato

2023

Handbooks in Philosophy

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The environmental crisis challenges the adequacy of traditional moral theories, particularly in the case of act consequentialism-the view that an act is morally right if and only if it brings about the best available outcome. Although anthropogenic climate change threatens the well-being of billions of humans and trillions of nonhuman animals, it is difficult for an act consequentialist to condemn actions that contribute to it, as each individual action makes no difference to the probability of whether climate change will occur. Or so one argument goes. This chapter examines the limits and possibilities of a consequentialist approach to climate ethics. It discusses various types of consequentialist theories applicable to the current environmental situation. It outlines outcome-based strategies to address the no-difference problem and to promote individual climate action. Finally, it considers environmental cases of evaluative uncertainty and how a consequentialist could deal with them.

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Always Aggregate

Cited by 32 publications

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The rat race and working time regulation

The rat race and working time regulation

Relevance Rides Again?

Consequentialism and Climate Change

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