Alveolar bone repair of rhesus monkeys by using BMP-2 gene and mesenchymal stem cells loaded three-dimensional printed bioglass scaffold

Abstract

Over the past years, the study about bone tissue engineering in the field of regenerative medicine has been a main research topic. Using three-dimensional (3D) porous degradable scaffold complexed with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and growth factor gene to improve bone tissue repair and regeneration has raised much interest. This study mainly evaluated the osteogenesis of alveolar bone defects of animal in the following experimental groups: sham-operated (SO), 3D printed bioglass (3D-BG), 3D-BG with BMP-2 gene loaded CS (3D-BG + BMP/CS) and 3D-BG with rhesus marrow bone MSCs and BMP/CS (3D-BG + BMP/CS + rBMSCs). Simulated human bone defect with critical size of 10 × 10 × 5 mm were established in quadrumana - rhesus monkeys, and in vivo osteogenesis was characterized by X-ray, micro-Computed Tomography (mCT) and history. Our results revealed that 3D-BG + rBMSCs + BMP/CS scaffold could improve bone healing best by showing its promote osteogenic properties in vivo. Considering the great bone repair capacity of 3D-BG + BMP/CS + rBMSCs in humanoid primate rhesus monkeys, it could be a promising therapeutic strategy for surgery trauma or accidents, especially for alveolar bones defects.

Bone Growth Capacity of Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells and BMP-2 Seeded Into Hydroxyapatite/Chitosan/Gelatin Scaffold in Alveolar Cleft Defects: An Experimental Study in Goat

“…Our study showed that HA/Cs/Gel+BMP-2+hUCMSCs group achieved complete bone healing on week 12, characterized by absence of inflammatory cells and neoangiogenesis under microscopic evaluation. Wang and colleagues in their work on in-vivo experimental rhesus monkey stated that scaffold combined with growth factor and MSCs possess advanced osteogenic capacity to induce bone growth in critical-sized alveolar bone defects (Wang et al, 2019). Farshadi et al (2019) supported similar statement that MSCs seeded into nano-hidroksiapatit/gelatin/silicon-carbide scaffold performed better osteogenesis and higher collagenization rate.…”

Clinical Applications of Cell-Scaffold Constructs for Bone Regeneration Therapy

“…There have been 10 relevant studies in the literature, 8 in pigs and 2 using monkeys, which evaluated bone tissue regeneration using cell-scaffold constructs (Table 1). Six of these studies used BMMSCs [64][65][66][67][68][69], two studies Adipose derived MSCs (ADSCs) [50,70], one study gingival MSCs [71] and another study periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) [72] as the cell source. Bioactive ceramic-based scaffolds such as β-TCP [69], calcium phosphate cement [66], HA/TCP (hydroxyapatite/tricalcium phosphate) [68], and bioactive glass [64] have been the most commonly used scaffolds for BMMSCs in BTE.…”

Tunable X-ray dark-field imaging for sub-resolution feature size quantification in porous media

“…In the last 20 years, high-resolution computed X-ray tomography (µCT) has become an important method to non-destructively investigate the internal structure of materials in three (and even four) dimensions [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] . µCT is based on the X-ray attenuation properties of the materials, which depend on both their chemical composition and local density 9,14 , and can be performed with both synchrotronand laboratory-based sources.…”