Aluminum Signaling and Potential Links with Safener-Induced Detoxification in Plants

Matsumoto, Hideaki; Riechers, Dean E.; Lygin, Anatoli V.; Baluška, Frantǐsek; Sivaguru, Mayandi

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-19968-9_1

Cited by 18 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 171 publications

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“…Our results, which show changes in the distribution of selected pectic epitopes in barley roots treated with Al, confirm that aluminum interacts with the wall of the root cells [4]. It is widely accepted that the molecule for Al binding in the cell wall is pectin, especially the non-esterified molecule [25]. Al binds to the cell wall, electrostatically, to the negatively charged carboxyl groups of wall pectins (primarily homogalacturonan) [22], and this causes loosening and anisotropic cell expansion [15].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…The composition of pectin changes in response to the action of biotic and abiotic factors [22,23,24]. Pectins, especially non-esterified pectins, are thought to be the molecules to which Al binds in the apoplast [25,26,27]. The binding of Al to the pectin matrix of the cell wall makes it thick and rigid, which affects the normal expansion and elongation processes [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aluminum Alters the Histology and Pectin Cell Wall Composition of Barley Roots

Jaskowiak

Kwaśniewska

Milewska‐Hendel

et al. 2019

IJMS

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Aluminum (Al) is one of the most important crust elements causing reduced plant production in acidic soils. Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is considered to be one of the crops that is most sensitive to Al, and the root cell wall is the primary target of Al toxicity. In this study, we evaluate the possible involvement of specific pectic epitopes in the cells of barley roots in response to aluminum exposure. We targeted four different pectic epitopes recognized by LM5, LM6, LM19, and LM20 antibodies using an immunocytochemical approach. Since Al becomes available and toxic to plants in acidic soils, we performed our analyses on barley roots that had been grown in acidic conditions (pH 4.0) with and without Al and in control conditions (pH 6.0). Differences connected with the presence and distribution of the pectic epitopes between the control and Al-treated roots were observed. In the Al-treated roots, pectins with galactan sidechains were detected with a visually lower fluorescence intensity than in the control roots while pectins with arabinan sidechains were abundantly present. Furthermore, esterified homogalacturonans (HGs) were present with a visually higher fluorescence intensity compared to the control, while methyl-esterified HGs were present in a similar amount. Based on the presented results, it was concluded that methyl-esterified HG can be a marker for newly arising cell walls. Additionally, histological changes were detected in the roots grown under Al exposure. Among them, an increase in root diameter, shortening of root cap, and increase in the size of rhizodermal cells and divisions of exodermal and cortex cells were observed. The presented data extend upon the knowledge on the chemical composition of the cell wall of barley root cells under stress conditions. The response of cells to Al can be expressed by the specific distribution of pectins in the cell wall and, thus, enables the knowledge on Al toxicity to be extended by explaining the mechanism by which Al inhibits root elongation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aluminum Alters the Histology and Pectin Cell Wall Composition of Barley Roots

Jaskowiak

Kwaśniewska

Milewska‐Hendel

et al. 2019

IJMS

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“…Aluminum comprises approximately 7% of the Earth's crust, making it the third most abundant element (after oxygen and silicon) and the most abundant metal on Earth (Matsumoto and Motada, 2012 ; Matsumoto et al, 2015 ). Aluminum, which occurs naturally as a free metal, is so chemically reactive that native specimens are rare and limited to reducing environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aluminum Enhances Growth and Sugar Concentration, Alters Macronutrient Status and Regulates the Expression of NAC Transcription Factors in Rice

et al. 2017

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Aluminum (Al) is a beneficial element for some plant species, especially when used at low concentrations. Though some transcription factors are induced by exposure to this element, no data indicate that Al regulates the expression of NAC genes in rice. In this study we tested the effect of applying 200 μM Al on growth, chlorophyll, amino acids, sugars, macronutrient concentration and regulation of NAC transcription factors gene expression in 24-day-old plants of four rice (Oryza sativa ssp. indica) cultivars: Cotaxtla, Tres Ríos, Huimanguillo and Temporalero, grown hydroponically under greenhouse conditions. Twenty days after treatment, we observed that Al enhanced growth in the four cultivars studied. On average, plants grown in the presence of Al produced 140% more root dry biomass and were 30% taller than control plants. Cotaxtla and Temporalero showed double the root length, while Huimanguillo and Cotaxtla had three times more root fresh biomass and 2.5 times more root dry biomass. Huimanguillo plants showed 1.5 times more shoot height, while Cotaxtla had almost double the root dry biomass. With the exception of Tres Ríos, the rest of the cultivars had almost double the chlorophyll concentration when treated with Al, whereas amino acid and proline concentrations were not affected by Al. Sugar concentration was also increased in plants treated with Al, almost 11-fold in comparison to the control. Furthermore, we observed a synergic response of Al application on P and K concentration in roots, and on Mg concentration in shoots. Twenty-four hours after Al treatment, NAC transcription factors gene expression was measured in roots by quantitative RT-PCR. Of the 57 NAC transcription factors genes primer-pairs tested, we could distinguish that 44% (25 genes) showed different expression patterns among rice cultivars, with most of the genes induced in Cotaxtla and Temporalero plants. Of the 25 transcription factors up-regulated, those showing differential expression mostly belonged to the NAM subfamily (56%). We conclude that Al improves growth, increases sugar concentration, P and K concentrations in roots, and Mg concentration in shoots, and report, for the first time, that Al differentially regulates the expression of NAC transcription factors in rice.

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“…There is evidence that phytohormones play an important role in the expression of Al toxicity and the subsequent responses of the plants to this stress. Whilst brief consideration has been given to the role of phytohormones in Al toxicity elsewhere (He et al, 2012;Yuan et al, 2013;Matsumoto et al 2015;Yang & Horst, 2015), the present review extends this existing information. In particular, the present review aims to examine the nature of the roles of phytohormones, giving particular consideration to understanding the role of phytohormones in Al toxicity itself and the response of the plant to these toxic effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Role of phytohormones in aluminium rhizotoxicity

Kopittke

2016

Plant Cell & Environment

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Elevated concentrations of soluble aluminium (Al) reduce root growth in acid soils, but much remains unknown regarding the toxicity of this Al as well as the mechanisms by which plants respond. This review examines changes in phytohormones in Al-stressed plants. Al often results in a rapid 'burst' of ethylene in root apical tissues within 15-30 min, with this regulating an increase in auxin. This production of ethylene and auxin seems to be a component of a plant-response to toxic Al, resulting in cell wall modification or regulation of organic acid release. There is also evidence of a role of auxin in the expression of Al toxicity itself, with Al decreasing basipetal transport of auxin, thereby potentially decreasing wall loosening as required for elongation. Increasingly, changes in abscisic acid in root apices also seem to be involved in plant-responses to toxic Al. Changes in cytokinins, gibberellins and jasmonates following exposure to Al are also examined, although little information is available. Finally, although not a phytohormone, concentrations of nitric oxide change rapidly in Al-exposed tissues. The information presented in this review will assist in focusing future research efforts in examining the importance of phytohormones in plant tissues exposed to toxic levels of Al.

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Aluminum Signaling and Potential Links with Safener-Induced Detoxification in Plants

Cited by 18 publications

References 171 publications

Aluminum Alters the Histology and Pectin Cell Wall Composition of Barley Roots

Aluminum Alters the Histology and Pectin Cell Wall Composition of Barley Roots

Aluminum Enhances Growth and Sugar Concentration, Alters Macronutrient Status and Regulates the Expression of NAC Transcription Factors in Rice

Role of phytohormones in aluminium rhizotoxicity

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