Aluminum in the Environment and Human Health

Sorenson, John R. J.; Campbell, Irene R.; Tepper, Lloyd B.; Lingg, Robert D.

doi:10.2307/3428193

Cited by 64 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 152 publications

(201 reference statements)

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“…A second possibility, noted above, is that some tracer is absorbed by the body, so that the amount consumed in food/liquid or medicines is, in fact, greater than the amount excreted in feces. Indeed, the results of a number of studies indicate that aluminum, silicon, and titanium can be absorbed in small amounts from the digestive tract in adults (Schroeder et al, 1963;Tipton et al, 1966;Schroeder, 1973;Carlisle 1974;Sorenson et al, 1974;Bowen 1979;Kelsay et al, 1979;Greger and Baier, 1983), and absorption of tracer elements may be significantly greater in children than adults, based on studies of lead metabolism (NRC, 1980). Furthermore, the results presented here indicate that at least some small fraction of tracer was absorbed in the digestive tract, as evidenced by the presence of tracers in the urine (silicon, in particular).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil ingestion in children and adults in the same family

Davis

Mirick

2005

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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Ingestion of soil may be a potentially important pathway of exposure to environmental pollutants. Although several studies have estimated soil ingestion in children, data on ingestion in adults are sparse. The purposes of this study were to estimate soil ingestion in children aged 3 to 8 years and their parents, identify factors associated with increased ingestion, and compare ingestion rates within the same family. Food/liquid, excreta, and soil/dust samples were collected for the mother, father, and participant child for 11 consecutive days in 19 families. Soil ingestion was estimated using a mass balance approach. Soil ingestion levels in children were similar to those reported previously, whereas adult estimates were somewhat higher than previous estimates. Children's eating of dirt and parents' occupational contact with soil were associated with increased ingestion. Within families, soil ingestion levels in children and adults were not correlated, although this analysis was based on fewer than 19 participant families. Children's mean soil ingestion rates ranged from 37 to 207 mg/day depending on the tracer, with the highest values based on titanium as a tracer. Adult mean soil ingestion rates ranged from 23 to 625 mg/day depending on the tracer, with the highest value based on titanium as a tracer. Soil ingestion rate estimates were more variable in adults than in children.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil ingestion in children and adults in the same family

Davis

Mirick

2005

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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“…Lead can cause several unwanted effects, such as: -Disruption of the biosynthesis of haemoglobin and anaemia -A rise in blood pressure -Kidney damage -Miscarriages and subtle abortions -Disruption of nervous systemsBrain damage etc (J. R. J. Sorenson et al 1974). Table 1 presents the concentrations of metals found in the teas considered.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During childhood and adolescence, there's more production of new tissue than destruction of the old one (J. R. J. Sorenson et al 1974).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chronic copper poisoning results in Wilson's Disease, characterized by a hepatic cirrhosis, brain damage, demyelization, renal disease, and copper deposition in the cornea (J. R. J. Sorenson et al, 1974). The concentration of Cu in Broke Bond is 0.923mg/kg, Taza Dhadkan 0.481mg/kg, Pataka 0.8083mg/kg, Razana 0.7429mg/kg, Red Label 0.2392mg/kg and Taza tea 0.7350mg/kg, all within the permissible limit given by WHO.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of Cr, Cu, Ni, Cd, and Ca in an Aromatic Beverage of Cured Leaves of the Tea Plant, Camellia sinensis

P¹,

Bhat²,

Rawat³

et al. 2016

Int. J. Curr. Res. Chem. Pharm. Sci

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Tea is the most common beverage used in everyday life by everyone. Tea contains a large number of possibly bioactive chemicals, including flavonoids, amino acids, vitamins, caffeine and several polysaccharides. It has been suggested that green and black tea may protect against cancer, though the catechins found in green tea are thought to be more effective in preventing certain obesity-related cancers such as liver and colorectal cancer, while both green and black teas may protect against cardiovascular disease. Negative effects of tea drinking are centered around the consumption of sugar used to sweeten the tea. Those who consume very large quantities of brick tea may experience fluorosis. Numerous recent epidemiological studies have been conducted to investigate the effects of green tea consumption on the incidence of human cancers. These studies suggest significant protective effects of green tea against oral, pharyngeal, oesophageal, prostate, digestive, urinary tract, pancreatic, bladder, skin, lung, colon, breast, and liver cancers, and lower risk for cancer metastasis and recurrence and a variety of health effects have been proposed and investigated .In present study six tea samples of different brands (Broke Bond Taza, Dhadkan, Patakha, Razana, Red lebel and Tata tea) were analysed for Cu, Ni, Pb, Cd, Cr and Ca. Trace metals like Cu, Ni, Pb, Cd, Cr and Ca were found to be within the permissible limit given by WHO.

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“…Concern has been expressed for the possibility of aluminum toxicity from the use of aluminum cooking utensils and the occurrence of aluminum in a number of medicines as well as in food and drinking water, but these possibilities were dismissed in several comprehensive reviews (59,60). In recent years, certain degenerative diseases of the central nervous system have been related to aluminum.…”

Section: Aluminum Adverse Health Effects Of Aluminum Exposuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of effects of acid precipitation on toxicity of metals.

Nordberg¹,

Goyer²,

Clarkson³

1985

Environ Health Perspect

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Acid precipitation may increase human exposure to several potentially toxic metals by increasing metal concentrations in major pathways to man, particularly food and water, and in some instances by enhancing the conversion of metal species to more toxic forms.Human exposures to methylmercury are almost entirely by way of consumption of fish and seafood. In some countries, intakes by this route may approach the levels that can give rise to adverse health effects for population groups with a high consumption of these food items. A possible increase in methylmercury concentrations in fish from lakes affected by acid precipitation may thus be of concern to selected population groups.Human exposures to lead reach levels that are near those associated with adverse health effects in certain sensitive segments of the general population in several countries. The possibility exists that increased exposures to lead may be caused by acid precipitation through a mobilization of lead from soils into crops. A route of exposure to lead that may possibly be influenced by acid precipitation is an increased deterioration of surface materials containing lead and a subsequent ingestion by small children. A similar situation with regard to uptake from food exists for cadmium (at least in some countries).Human metal exposures via drinking water may be increased by acid precipitation. Decreasing pH increases corrosiveness of water enhancing the mobilization of metal salts from soil; metallic compounds may be mobilized from minerals, which may eventually reach drinking water. Also, the dissolution of metals (Pb, Cd, Cu) from piping systems for drinking water by soft acidic waters of high corrosivity may increase metal concentrations in drinking water. Exposures have occasionally reached concentrations which are in the range where adverse health effects may be expected in otherwise healthy persons. Dissolution from piping systems can be prevented by neutralizing the water before distribution.Increased aluminum concentrations in water is a result mainly of the occurrence of Al in acidified natural waters and the use of Al chemicals in drinking water purification. If such water is used for dialysis in patients with chronic renal failure, it may give rise to cases of dialysis dementia and other disorders. A possible influence on health of persons with normal renal function (e.g., causing Alzheimers disease) is uncertain and requires further investigation.While all of the mentioned possibilities for increased metal exposures due to acid precipitation do exist, information that allows a quantitative estimation of their importance is almost entirely lacking and more research is needed.For an evaluation of the impact to human health of increased metal exposures, present knowledge about relationships between dose (or exposure) and the risk for adverse effects are reviewed. It is concluded that improved knowledge would be desirable for several of the metals discussed. Particularly, for an evaluation of possible adverse effects of aluminum in pers...

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Aluminum in the Environment and Human Health

Cited by 64 publications

References 152 publications

Soil ingestion in children and adults in the same family

Soil ingestion in children and adults in the same family

Assessment of Cr, Cu, Ni, Cd, and Ca in an Aromatic Beverage of Cured Leaves of the Tea Plant, Camellia sinensis

Impact of effects of acid precipitation on toxicity of metals.

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