Aluminum Effects on at Low Solution Concentrations

Heim, Alexander; Brunner, Ivano; Frossard, Emmanuel; Luster, Jörg

doi:10.2136/sssaj2003.0895

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Root enrichment in Al may occur in natural forest soils under coniferous trees, a vegetation leading to acidification of the surface soil. In a laboratory experiment with Pinus seedlings grown in Al enriched solution, root concentrations in Al were increased relative to those measured in shoots (Heim et al, 2003). In addition, X-ray microanalyses have shown that high levels of Al can be found in the root cortical apoplast of Picea abies growing in acid soil (Jentschke et al, 2001).…”

Section: Protection By Metal Ionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is soil carbon mostly root carbon? Mechanisms for a specific stabilisation

Rasse¹,

Rumpel²,

Dignac³

2005

Plant Soil

1,522

910

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Understanding the origin of the carbon (C) stabilised in soils is crucial in order to device management practices that will foster C accumulation in soils. The relative contributions to soil C pools of roots vs. shoots is one aspect that has been mostly overlooked, although it appears a key factor that drives the fate of plant tissue C either as mineralized CO 2 or as stabilized soil organic matter (SOM). Available studies on the subject consistently indicate that root C has a longer residence time in soil than shoot C. From the few studies with complete datasets, we estimated that the mean residence time in soils of root-derived C is 2.4 times that of shoot-derived C. Our analyses indicate that this value is biased neither by an underestimation of root contributions, as exudation was considered in the analysis, nor by a priming effect of shoot litter on SOM. Here, we discuss the main SOM stabilisation mechanisms with respect to their ability to specifically protect root-derived SOM. Comparing in situ and incubation experiments suggests that the higher chemical recalcitrance of root tissues as compared to that of shoots is responsible for only a small portion, i.e. about one fourth, of the difference in mean residence time in soils of root-derived vs. shootderived C. This suggests that SOM protection mechanisms other than chemical recalcitrance are also enhanced by root activities: (1) physico-chemical protection, especially in deeper horizons, (2) micrometer-scale physical protection through myccorhiza and root-hair activities, and (3) chemical interactions with metal ions. The impact of environmental conditions within deeper soil layers on root C stabilisation appear difficult to assess, but is likely, if anything, to further increase the ratio between the mean residence time of root vs. shoot C in soils. Future advances are expected from isotopic studies conducted at the molecular level, which will help unravel the fate of individual shoot and root compounds, such as cutins and suberins, throughout soil profiles.

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Section: Protection By Metal Ionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is soil carbon mostly root carbon? Mechanisms for a specific stabilisation

Rasse¹,

Rumpel²,

Dignac³

2005

Plant Soil

1,522

910

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“…The chemical inertness of these media, however, is limited (Sandnes and Eldhuset 2003). Volcanic glasses like perlite or clays like vermiculite are excellent preculture media, but are of limited use to assess root exudation or chemical gradients around roots (Heim et al 2003).…”

Section: Artificial Substratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sampling, defining, characterising and modeling the rhizosphere—the soil science tool box

et al. 2008

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“…were reported to be more sensitive to the impact of aluminum ions than roots of Pinus spp. in hydroponic system (McCormick & Steiner, 1978;Williams, 1982;Evers, 1983;Thornton et al, 1987), as well as in peat-perlite cultures (KieliszewskaRokicka et al, 1998;Heim et al, 2003). On the other hand, different authors reported variable responses of root growth of one species (Picea abies) to similar concentrations of Al (e.g.…”

Section: Acidic Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine roots and ectomycorrhizas as indicators of environmental change

Cudlín

Kieliszewska-Rokicka

Rudawska

et al. 2007

Plant Biosystems - An International Journal Dealing with all As

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Human-induced and natural stress factors can affect fine roots and ectomycorrhizas. Therefore they have potential utility as indicators of environmental change. We evaluated, through meta-analysis, the magnitude of the effects of acidic deposition, nitrogen deposition, increased ozone levels, elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide, and drought on fine roots and ectomycorrhizal (ECM) characteristics. Ectomycorrhizal colonization was an unsuitable parameter for environmental change, but fine root length and biomass could be useful. Acidic deposition had a significantly negative impact on fine roots, root length being more sensitive than root biomass. There were no significant effects of nitrogen deposition or elevated tropospheric ozone on the quantitative root parameters. Elevated CO 2 had a significant positive effect. Drought had a significantly negative effect on fine root biomass. The negative effect of acidic deposition and the positive effect of elevated CO 2 increased over time, indicating that effects were persistent contrary the other factors. The meta-analysis also showed that experimental conditions, including both laboratory and field experiments, were a major source of variation. In addition to quantitative changes, environmental changes affect the species composition of the ectomycorrhizal fungal community.

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Aluminum Effects on at Low Solution Concentrations

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Is soil carbon mostly root carbon? Mechanisms for a specific stabilisation

Is soil carbon mostly root carbon? Mechanisms for a specific stabilisation

Sampling, defining, characterising and modeling the rhizosphere—the soil science tool box

Fine roots and ectomycorrhizas as indicators of environmental change

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