Aluminium localization in root tips of the aluminium-accumulating plant species buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench)

Klug, Benjamin; Specht, André; Horst, Walter J.

doi:10.1093/jxb/err222

Cited by 41 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…Lumogallion specificity for Al is higher than that of Morin but Lumogallion also stains gallium, in addition to Al [ 26 ] and other metals, such as Fe [ 27 , 28 ]. Furthermore, both the Lumogallion affinity for Al and fluorescence signal intensity are much lower than those of Morin [ 29 ] limiting its use when the detection of trace amounts of Al in tissues is concerned, e.g. in brain.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorescent nanodiamonds as a relevant tag for the assessment of alum adjuvant particle biodisposition

Eidi

David

Crépeaux

et al. 2015

BMC Med

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BackgroundAluminum oxyhydroxide (alum) is a crystalline compound widely used as an immunologic adjuvant of vaccines. Concerns linked to alum particles have emerged following recognition of their causative role in the so-called macrophagic myofasciitis (MMF) lesion in patients with myalgic encephalomyelitis, revealing an unexpectedly long-lasting biopersistence of alum within immune cells and a fundamental misconception of its biodisposition. Evidence that aluminum-coated particles phagocytozed in the injected muscle and its draining lymph nodes can disseminate within phagocytes throughout the body and slowly accumulate in the brain further suggested that alum safety should be evaluated in the long term. However, lack of specific staining makes difficult the assessment of low quantities of bona fide alum adjuvant particles in tissues.MethodsWe explored the feasibility of using fluorescent functionalized nanodiamonds (mfNDs) as a permanent label of alum (Alhydrogel®). mfNDs have a specific and perfectly photostable fluorescence based on the presence within the diamond lattice of nitrogen-vacancy centers (NV centers). As the NV center does not bleach, it allows the microspectrometric detection of mfNDs at very low levels and in the long-term. We thus developed fluorescent nanodiamonds functionalized by hyperbranched polyglycerol (mfNDs) allowing good coupling and stability of alum:mfNDs (AluDia) complexes. Specificities of AluDia complexes were comparable to the whole reference vaccine (anti-hepatitis B vaccine) in terms of particle size and zeta potential.ResultsIn vivo, AluDia injection was followed by prompt phagocytosis and AluDia particles remained easily detectable by the specific signal of the fND particles in the injected muscle, draining lymph nodes, spleen, liver and brain. In vitro, mfNDs had low toxicity on THP-1 cells and AluDia showed cell toxicity similar to alum alone. Expectedly, AluDia elicited autophagy, and allowed highly specific detection of small amounts of alum in autophagosomes.ConclusionsThe fluorescent nanodiamond technology is able to overcome the limitations of previously used organic fluorophores, thus appearing as a choice methodology for studying distribution, persistence and long-term neurotoxicity of alum adjuvants and beyond of other types of nanoparticles.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorescent nanodiamonds as a relevant tag for the assessment of alum adjuvant particle biodisposition

Eidi

David

Crépeaux

et al. 2015

BMC Med

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“…On the other hand, the roots of common buckwheat also take up Al in the form of Al 3+ (Ma & Hiradate, 2000), although a different form (Al-oxalate at a 1 : 1 ratio) was also proposed (Klug & Horst, 2010). Al uptake also seems to occur in the root tips (Klug & Horst, 2010;Klug et al, 2011). Once Al is taken up into the root cells, it is complexed with oxalate at a 1 : 3 ratio, forming a nonphytotoxic form of Al (Ma et al, 1997b.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological characterization of aluminum tolerance and accumulation in tartary and wild buckwheat

et al. 2014

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SummaryIonic aluminum (Al) is toxic for plant growth, but some plant species are able to accumulate Al at high concentrations without showing toxicity symptoms.In order to determine whether other species in the genus Fagopyrum are able to accumulate Al like common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum), we investigated the external and internal detoxification mechanisms of Al in two self-compatible species: tartary (Fagopyrum tataricum) and wild buckwheat (Fagopyrum homotropicum).Both tartary and wild buckwheat showed high Al tolerance comparable to common buckwheat. Furthermore, these two species also secreted oxalate rapidly from the roots in response to Al in a time-dependent manner. Both tartary and wild buckwheat accumulated > 1 mg g À1 Al in the leaves after short-term exposure to Al. Analysis with 27 Al-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) revealed that Al was present in the form of Al-oxalate (1 : 3 ratio) in the roots and leaves, but in the form of Al-citrate (1 : 1 ratio) in the xylem sap in both species. These results indicate that similar to common buckwheat, both tartary and wild buckwheat detoxify Al externally and internally, respectively, by secreting oxalate from the roots and by forming the Al-oxalate complex, which is a nonphytotoxic form. These features of Al response and accumulation may be conserved in genus Fagopyrum.

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“…Plasma membrane can acts as a barrier of Al because ions like polyvalent Al 3+ are insoluble in the lipid bilayers. However, Klug et al (2011) found that up to one half of the total of Al in the root apex was located in the symplasm. When Al crossed the membrane, many potential harmful interactions can occur.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Aluminum, Iron and/or Low pH on Rice Seedlings Grown in Solution Culture

Alia¹,

Shamshuddin²,

Fauziah³

et al. 2015

IJAB

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Water in the paddy field covered by acid sulfate soils having very low pH contains high amount of Al and Fe that affects rice growth. A laboratory study was conducted to qualify rice grown under the adverse conditions can withstand the stresses. Two rice varieties, MR 219 and MR 253, were grown hydroponically at various pH (3, 4, 5, 6, 7), Al (0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 µM) and Fe (0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 µM) concentrations. After 14 days, rice root length and surface area were determined using a root scanner. Thereafter, organic acids released by the roots of rice were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. Results showed that the root length decreased with increasing Al and/or Fe concentration. On the contrary, the root length increased linearly as the pH of the solution increased. This phenomenon was probably in part related to the exudation of oxalic, citric and malic acids by the rice roots. It was observed that the amount of organic acids released was increased with increasing Al and/or Fe concentration in the solution culture. Hence, it is believed that these organic acids were responsible for chelating some of the Al and/or Fe in the solution, rendering them unavailable for their uptake by rice. In this way, rice plants can withstand some degree of Al 3+ and/or Fe 2+ toxicity.

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Aluminium localization in root tips of the aluminium-accumulating plant species buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench)

Cited by 41 publications

References 28 publications

Fluorescent nanodiamonds as a relevant tag for the assessment of alum adjuvant particle biodisposition

Fluorescent nanodiamonds as a relevant tag for the assessment of alum adjuvant particle biodisposition

Physiological characterization of aluminum tolerance and accumulation in tartary and wild buckwheat

Effects of Aluminum, Iron and/or Low pH on Rice Seedlings Grown in Solution Culture

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