Alu elements in human growth hormone receptor gene 5' untranslated region exons

Goodyer, CG; Zheng, Hong; Hendy, G.N.

doi:10.1677/jme.0.0270357

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 26 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This may reflect stronger negative selection pressure against exon creation in 3′-UTR because such exons could trigger mRNA nonsense-mediated decay. The 5′-UTR Alu exons may influence the transcriptional or translational regulation of their host genes, as suggested by Goodyer and colleagues [49].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Diverse Splicing Patterns of Exonized Alu Elements in Human Tissues

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Exonization of Alu elements is a major mechanism for birth of new exons in primate genomes. Prior analyses of expressed sequence tags show that almost all Alu-derived exons are alternatively spliced, and the vast majority of these exons have low transcript inclusion levels. In this work, we provide genomic and experimental evidence for diverse splicing patterns of exonized Alu elements in human tissues. Using Exon array data of 330 Alu-derived exons in 11 human tissues and detailed RT-PCR analyses of 38 exons, we show that some Alu-derived exons are constitutively spliced in a broad range of human tissues, and some display strong tissue-specific switch in their transcript inclusion levels. Most of such exons are derived from ancient Alu elements in the genome. In SEPN1, mutations of which are linked to a form of congenital muscular dystrophy, the muscle-specific inclusion of an Alu-derived exon may be important for regulating SEPN1 activity in muscle. Realtime qPCR analysis of this SEPN1 exon in macaque and chimpanzee tissues indicates human-specific increase in its transcript inclusion level and muscle specificity after the divergence of humans and chimpanzees. Our results imply that some Alu exonization events may have acquired adaptive benefits during the evolution of primate transcriptomes.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Diverse Splicing Patterns of Exonized Alu Elements in Human Tissues

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…14 As Alu elements are unique to primates, they might have played an important role in the evolution of primates through this way. Second, the full length or partial Alu elements have been shown to reside in the 5'UTRs of human growth hormone receptor (hGRH), 19 ZNF177, 20 and BRCA1. 21,22 These Alu elements can decrease mRNA translation efficiency, probably due to stable secondary structures formed by Alu that partially prevents translation initiation.…”

Section: What Are the Consequences Of Alu Rna Editing?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene regulation by SINES and inosines: biological consequences of A-to-I editing of Alu element inverted repeats

Carmichael¹

2008

Cell Cycle

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Characterisation of the gene structure of the human B 1 R suggests that exon II is part of an Alu-J element that spans part of intron I, exon II and part of intron II [23]. Alu elements are small interspersed nucleotide elements which affect gene expression by influencing initiation of transcription and alternative splicing [47], [48], initiation of translation, and translation efficiency [49]–[52]. More recently, the presence of Alu elements in exons and adjacent introns has been linked to forming circular RNAs, which have increasingly been reported as strong regulators of gene expression [53].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Kinin B1 Receptor Splice Variant and 5′UTR Regulatory Elements Are Responsible for Cell Specific B1 Receptor Expression

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The kinin B1 receptor (B1R) is rapidly upregulated after tissue trauma or inflammation and is involved in cancer and inflammatory diseases such as asthma. However, the role of the: promoter; a postulated alternative promoter; and spliced variants in airway epithelial and other lung cells are poorly understood.We identified, in various lung cell lines and leucocytes, a novel, naturally occurring splice variant (SV) of human B1R gene with a shorter 5′untranslated region. This novel SV is ≈35% less stable than the wild-type (WT) transcript in lung adenocarcinoma cells (H2126), but does not influence translation efficiency. Cell-specific differences in splice variant expression were observed post des[Arg10]-kallidin stimulation with delayed upregulation of SV compared to WT suggesting potentially different regulatory responses to inflammation. Although an alternative promoter was not identified in our cell-lines, several cell-specific regulatory elements within the postulated alternative promoter region (negative response element (NRE) −1020 to −766 bp in H2126; positive response element (PRE) −766 to −410 bp in 16HBE; −410 to +1 region acts as a PRE in H2126 and NRE in 16HBE cells) were found.These findings reveal complex regulation of B1R receptor expression in pulmonary cells which may allow future therapeutic manipulation in chronic pulmonary inflammation and cancer.

show abstract

Alu elements in human growth hormone receptor gene 5' untranslated region exons

Abstract: The human growth hormone receptor (hGHR) is encoded by exons 2-10 of the hGHR gene on chromosome 5p13·1-p12. There are several different 5 untranslated region (5 UTR) variants of hGHR mRNA (V1-V9) that all encode the same protein. We have recently mapped the V1-V9

Cited by 14 publications

References 26 publications

Diverse Splicing Patterns of Exonized Alu Elements in Human Tissues

Diverse Splicing Patterns of Exonized Alu Elements in Human Tissues

Gene regulation by SINES and inosines: biological consequences of A-to-I editing of Alu element inverted repeats

Novel Kinin B1 Receptor Splice Variant and 5′UTR Regulatory Elements Are Responsible for Cell Specific B1 Receptor Expression

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About