Altitudinal Zonation in the Mountain Forests of Mt Hauhungatahi, North Island, New Zealand

Druitt, D.G.; Enright, Neal J.; Ogden, John C.

doi:10.2307/2845327

Cited by 29 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The current vegetation patterns in the park are the culmination of volcanic eruption, glaciation, fire, and human impact. The vegetation throughout the park grows on silica-rich volcanic soils mostly weathered from andesitic tephra and comprises a variety of major vegetation types frompodocarp forest, beech forest, shrubland, tussock-shrubland, and tussockland to boulderfield, gravelfield, and stonefield (Atkinson 1981;Gabites 1987;Druitt et al 1990;Horrocks & Ogden 1994). The treeline throughout the park is normally 1250 metres above sea level (a.s.l.…”

Section: Tongariro National Parkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vegetation reconstruction from soil phytoliths, Tongariro National Park, New Zealand

Thorn¹

2006

New Zealand Journal of Botany

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Phytoliths are microscopic particles of opaline silica (SiO 2 .nH 2 O) formed by the accumulation and solidification of siliceous gel between and within the cells of many plants. Soil surface phytolith assemblages are assessed for their potential to accurately reconstruct the overlying vegetation community within the subalpine zone of Tongariro National Park, New Zealand. The results provide important new evidence that phytoliths are an under-exploited tool for reconstructing past vegetation patterns. A new technique has been developed to quantitatively compare phytolith supply with accumulation. From four study sites, plants and soil were collected for phytolith extraction, and vegetation height and canopy cover were surveyed. The results indicate that at three of the four sites, source vegetation could be satsifactorily reconstructed at a broad community level from the dispersed soil phytolith record implying similar expectations for the application of this technique to the fossil phytolith record.

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Section: Tongariro National Parkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vegetation reconstruction from soil phytoliths, Tongariro National Park, New Zealand

Thorn¹

2006

New Zealand Journal of Botany

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“…Vannote et al, 1980), and macroinvertebrate distribution was primarily related to the organic energy base, as well as to habitat or biotope preferences (Culp & Davies, 1982;Cushing et al, 1983;Hawkins, 1984;Bott et al, 1983;Wallace, 1988). The role of slope and elevation has been mentioned (Sheldon, 1985;Marchant et al, 1985;Devan & Mudna, 1986;Ormerod & Edwards, 1987;Benke & Meyer, 1988;Gladden & Smock, 1990), but not as explidtly emphasized as, for example, in vegetation ecology, where elevation has long been recognized as a surrogate for a range of environmental gradients which strongly influence vegetation composition (Austin, Cunningham & Good, 1983;Druitt, Enright & Ogden, 1990;Parker, 1991;Palmer & van Staden, 1992). The recognition of variables for which steepness and altitude are surrogates in aquatic ecosystems, is implidt in the long-standing recognition of the 337 importance of factors such as temperature and current speed (Hynes, 1970).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Macroinvertebrate community structure and altitudinal changes in the upper reaches of a warm temperate southern African river

Palmer

Palmer²,

O’Keeffe

et al. 1994

Freshwater Biology

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1. The Buffalo River rises 12(X)m above sea level, drops 600 m in the first 7 km, and a further 100 m in the next 30 river kilometres. Macroinvertebrates were sampled, and environmental variables measured monthly in 1987, at four sites along this part of the river. 2. Flow at the headwater site (1120m a.s.l., 1 km from the source) was seasonal, though pools remained and subterranean flow was continuous. Twelve macroinvertebrate taxa were found exclusively at this site, where conductivity, pH and nutrient concentrations were low. 3. Flow at the foothill site (530m a.s.l., 7km from the source) was perennial. The invertebrate community, although distinct from that at downstream sites, lacked the unique taxa of the headwater site. Conductivity, pH and nutrient concentrations were higher. 4. The two sites downstream of the foothills {450m a.s.l., 18km from the source, and 410m a.s.l., 31 km from the source), had similar invertebrate communities. Conductivity, pH and nutrient concentrations were higher than at the upper sites. 5. Community structure changed most between the headwater and foothill sites. This paralleled changes in river steepness rather than changes in measured physicochemical variables.

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“…Sites were chosen to represent the main vegetation communities ascending the altitudinal gradient: montane forest, sub-alpine forest, dense scrub, open fernland, and open tussockland (Atkinson 1981;Druitt et al 1990), covering an altitude of 730-1520 m. In addition, samples were taken laterally along the tree-line from within the forest edge and adjacent non-forest communities. By convention, the pollen sum for each sample was at least 250 grains, excluding swamp plants and ferns, except Pteridium, which may form a dominant cover of vegetation (McGlone 1989).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An assessment of linear discriminant function analysis as a method of interpreting fossil pollen assemblages

Horrocks

Ogden

2003

New Zealand Journal of Botany

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Linear discriminant function analysis (LDF) is assessed as a method of interpreting fossil pollen assemblages from Mt Hauhungatahi, Tongariro National Park, and Ohakune-Horopito, central North Island, New Zealand. Pollen types selected by stepwise discriminant analysis were used in LDF to predict the vegetation type (forest, dense scrub, open fernland, or open tussockland) and canopy type (closed or open) represented by fossil pollen assemblages from an array of sites. Chisquare Goodness-of-fit tests were used to test prediction made by LDF against the vegetation type suggested by the common "standard" method of assessment of the fossil pollen spectra, which is carried out by visual inspection of stratigraphic pollen diagrams. Some sites showed highly significant differences, with many samples obviously misclassified by LDF, especially those from montane forest vegetation. This misclassification occurred mainly because the montane forest samples were so different from the remainder that they were excluded from the prediction set, so that the pollen types most likely to be predictors were not employed. Overall, however, more sites showed no significant differences. The LDF method is confirmatory rather than providing a clear improvement, and its validity will depend strongly on the correct choice of discriminators.

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Altitudinal Zonation in the Mountain Forests of Mt Hauhungatahi, North Island, New Zealand

Cited by 29 publications

References 23 publications

Vegetation reconstruction from soil phytoliths, Tongariro National Park, New Zealand

Vegetation reconstruction from soil phytoliths, Tongariro National Park, New Zealand

Macroinvertebrate community structure and altitudinal changes in the upper reaches of a warm temperate southern African river

An assessment of linear discriminant function analysis as a method of interpreting fossil pollen assemblages

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